THE ‘‘ COMPENDIUM ” 263 
semicircular seed pod of a related plant to which the name seems 
then to have been extended, perhaps, suggests Camus, a Trigonella. 
So also his “ Verbena, Verminaca or Columbaria” (Verbena 
officinalis L.), the sacred plant of Rome as well as of Greece, now 
appears stripped of such associations, and in the Secres it has 
assumed modern garb entirely, the Secres translating it Vervazne. 
The influence of the Church had already resulted, as shown in 
Plateario, in the name herba sancti Petri for the primrose, herba 
sancti Joannis for the plant still called St. Johnswort, herba sancte 
Marie for Tanacetum Balsamita L., herbe sainte Phelippe (in Secres ; 
not described in the Latin Circa instans) for Saponaria officinalis 
L.; sigillum sanet Marie sive sigillum Salamonis for Polygonatum 
multiflorum All., Gracia Dei (in Sec., Grace Dien) for Gratiola offi- 
cinalis L., Alleluya herba (and also pane de cuccho, cuckoo's bread) 
for a yellow oxalis,* and /xcensaria (herb with odor of incense) to 
perhaps three plants, Cerinthe minor L., Onosma echioides L., and 
Pulicaria odora Reich., the latter still called incensaria in Italy. 
And of Betonica officinalis L., he says “ Bethonica . . . sancta 
dicitur ab omnibus personis, . . . vocata domina omnium herbarum.”’ 
Works Derivep FRoM “ Circa INSTANS ”’ 
1. Compendium Salernitanum,” as cited in chapter Acetum of 
the printed Ferrarese Circa instans ; “Liber simplicium medict- 
narum”’ as its Breslau MS. entitles itself, found in 1837 by Prof. G. 
T. Henschel, of the University of Breslau, in the Bibl. Magdalena 
of that city, composed of 35 treatises forming one codex, dating 
from toward the end of the 12th century or from perhaps 1180. 
It describes 447 remedies, including all of the 2 76 of the printed 
Ferrarese Circa instans except 14; and 185 more, mostly of animal 
or vegetable origin. Parts chiefly medical were printed in two 
volumes by Renzi; but because the botanical matter was still un- 
printed, Meyer in 1856 was imploring that it might soon find 
another editor. A synopsis of its articles had been given by 
Henschel in Janus, 2: 65. 1846. 
So maintained with vigor (against those ‘* malignos herbaricos ”’ who bestowed 
this name Alleluia upon the winged fruits fallen from the elm) by Jacobus de Maniliis, 
about 1450. Camus identifies it with Oxalis corniculata L., finding thus the proof 
that that species did not come to Europe from America as had been claimed ; and find- 
Ing similar proof in Circa instans for Xanthiwm strumarium, and Agave Americana L. 
