300 Aster History; SIMON JANUENSIS 
LIII. Simon JANUENSIS 
After centuries of disuse in Italy, Apuleius’ name Asterion 
reappears about 1292 in the Clavis sanationis of Simon Genuensis * 
or Januensis, lexicographer,} botanical investigator and papal chap- 
lain. He found the plant name Aszerion, in a mutilated copy of 
Apuleius Platonicus which he was using. The name of his author, 
i an 
repeating its continuous parallel with Aster which may have occasioned its borrowing 
of the name Aster as well, at the hands of Apuleius (swfva, p. 171). 
Papaver. ‘‘ Pliny, Dioscorides and Macro speak of the juice of the poppy and of | 
its heads, whence opium, which provokes to sleep. The Salernitan AZeisterinnen, Le 
femine di Salerno, use the powder of poppy., Use it against the posteme.”” 
Sposa del Sole or Cicoria or Incuba or Sulsegnio (Cichorea ). 
Viola; no mention is made of its Aster use for epilepsy ; nor other common prop: 
erties except for the fosteme and to provoke sleep: many properties genuine to it are 
mentioned, and the mode of making sctropo violato and olio violato. 
Crescenzi is also an early example of the names Fegatel/a or Epatica; Senecione ; 
Tetrait or L’ Herba Giudaica, etc. 
* Simon Genuensis (i. e., dweller in Genoa—Lat. Genua—so correctly printed in 
the earliest edition) or Simon Januensis (so printed in the 2d ed. and others, so pass 
ing into citation) or Simon Geniates (for Simon Genoa-born) or Simon de Cordo fos 
s the Lex 
~~ 
whose pontificate was 1288-1292. His friend Campanus, himself Canon of Paris, states 
that Simon Genuensis was subdeacon and chaplain to Nicholas IV, and wa 
Rouen. Besides authorship of the C/avis, Simon Genuensis was translator of two 
p. 183) and Abul 
de Janua on Alexander Iatrosophista’’? which DuFresne had used in preparing his Glos 
sary of Mediaeval Latinity. 
His Clavis Sanationis or Synonyma Medicinae, an encyclopaedic 4 
medicine, characterized by Meyer as full cf errors and containing more gram 
nature, but certainly a monumental work, Meyer himself remarkin 
165): ‘¢ Earlier than Caspar Bauhin I know no more reliable aid to the older synonymy 
than this Clavis sanationis,’’—Campanus refers to his receiving @ COPY of the GF™ 
through the Prior of Paveranum; an old Genoese cloister, probably the place nor 
to which Simon retired in 1292 on the death of Nicholas IV. 
_ The Clavis was first printed, 1473, at Milan, by Antonius Zarotus of Parmé 
(Pritzel ; Meyer has it that it was printed at Parma); again, 20 Apr. 1474 
brought out by ‘* Peter Maufer, Norman, of the diocese of Rouen, 
editor and printer both ; a copy says Meyer, exists in the Kénigsberg Li 
‘fone of the greatest of literary curiosities,” A 3d edn., 1486, Venice, 
Meyer d a copy, was printed by De Tridino, from Montferrat 
Venetian editions followed, to 1514, with additions from Pliny by D 
1514),—and becoming blended with Matthaeus Sylvaticus. 
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