ASTER-CITATIONS IN ORTUS 3819 
“Et idem codé li, magis infra, cap. bubonium sive aster 
acticus sive inguirialis not att€ ex eo opere dié pferre bubonib’ ta 
cataplasmatu qz assumptum. 
“Est autem mediocriter dyaforeticii eo gp mediocriter est ca,* 
et neqz vehementer aeqz intense desiccat, maxi[m]e ait ci adhuc 
tener. est et recens dictum est prius. 
This seeming jumble of ideas contains no new matter, but is a 
mixture of wrongly credited quotations. That credited to Pliny 
is really from Apuleius ; that credited to Paulus Aegineta is really 
from Pliny ; that-credited to Galen is partly from Paulus Aegineta, 
the rest from Galen ; from his chapter on Aster Atticus and from 
that on Bubonion. 
None of these authors were quoted at first hand, however, for 
the Ortus Sanitatis + according to Meyer’s judgment, was com- 
piled, so far as the botanical part is concerned, entirely from four 
great Latin encyclopaedias of the Middle Ages, the Pandects of the 
Salernitan Matteo Silvatico ; the Speculum naturale of Vincent de 
Beauvais ; the De natura rerum of Thomas de Cantiprato ; and 
the “ De proprietatibus rerum” of Bartholomaeus Anglicus. All of 
these works were written about 1256 or shortly after, except the 
Pandects, and that was written by 1317. The latter is occasionally 
named as a source in the Ortus.t 
*ca’, ti. ¢., calidum. 
+ On the whole, the Ortus Sanitatis is an outgrowth of the Salernitan school ; 
largely in its text ; considerably so in its figures ; and even also in its name ; in which we 
adi 4 modification of the Salernitan Regimen Sanitatis. We find the name reappearing 
n English in Eliot’s Castle of Health, and in the slightly later Haven of Health, of 
1584, a curious treatise by Thomas Cogan, professedly ‘‘ amplified upon some words of 
Hippocrates’? and « verbatim, ...especially out of Scho, Salerni.’’ In this Haven, in 
Which plants are described in 125 chapters (pages 22-110 of my copy, Lon., 1612; 
Printed by Bradwood for John Norton, the publisher of Gerarde’s Herball), the jong: 
“tanding Dioscoridean combination of the Aster-use for infantile epilepsy with Viola, 
's broken up and this Aster-use is assigned to ‘‘ Heart’s-ease or Pansies,’’—*‘ thought 
800d for the falling evill in children, if they drink it oftentimes.’’ But the plant which 
Pethaps most fully takes the place here of Aster and of camomile is a new remed 
Carduus benedictus, or Blessed Thistle, so worthily named for the singular virtues t 
hich ** comforteth the ct h teth appetite, and hath a speciall v 
e 
hat 
it hath,?” w ertue 
ki inst Poyson, and preserveth from the pestilence, and is excellent good er be 
'nds of fever,” so that it is called ‘* Benedictus Omnimorbia, that is, a salve for every 
» not known to Physitians of old time, but lately revealed by the speciall provi- 
dence of Almi 
ghty God”’ (see edn. 1612, pp. 54-55)- : 
T Some idea of the proportion drawn from the different authors may be gained from 
