396 Aster History: DURANTE 
The description is derived from Matthioli chiefly ; states that 
the leaves are like those of the olive but smaller; the taste sharp 
and bitterish; the root capillary and of a not unpleasant odor: 
' «and adds that another Aster has the flowers wholly yellow,” re- 
ferring to Pallenis, the Aster Atticus alter of Matthioli. 
Durante follows with the virtues recounted by Dioscorides, 
not omitting those derived from Cratevas, and the uses as an 
amulet. 
LXXXII. Moranp1 
Giambattista Morandi, a later Italian writer on materia medica, 
was author of a Historia botanica practica, Milan, 1744, which 
treats (fide copy ex fbr. Greene) only two Asters; and one of 
them is the elecampane ; the author still holding so primitive and 
crude a conception as to include /uula Helenium in Aster. His 
other Aster is “ Aster Atticus,’ which he describes, p. 27, saying 
“its flowers are like a little Cal/endu/a, its petals are many and 
violet purple, it blooms in August, grows in a variety of places, 
and is called Juguinalis and Inguinaria.’ He quotes the medical 
uses given by Dioscorides and Galen, but adds nothing new. 
His edition of 1761 (ex 676/. Columbia) reprints the above, 
p. 27, but separates elecampane from Aster. 
LXXXIII. Parkinson 
Parkinson’s celebrated Paradisus, London, 1629, mentions 
Aster Atticus as usual, p. 299; treats it as with yellow and purple 
flowers, as if of two species ; agrees with Matthioli that the purple 
is the true Aster Atticus and is the Amellus; and cites its occa- 
sional name in England as the Purple Marigold,—* because it is 
so like unto one in form.” Of its virtues Parkinson says, ‘they 
are held to be good for the biting of a mad dogge, ... as also 
for swolne throats ; likewise for botches that happen in the groine.”’ 
On p. 516 the Jerusalem artichoke, potato and sunflower occur 
served up together under the name Aster Peruanus, Parkinson 
quoting from Fabio Colonna in the second part of his Phytoba- 
sanos 1616, the ‘ Flos Solis Farnesianus * sive Aster Peruanus 
tuberosus.”” Parkinson’s figure seems based on Jerusalem Arti- 
*No Asters appear in the ‘‘ Hortus Farnesianus,’’ of Tobia Aldino Cesenate, 
Rome, 1725. 
