any or all of the following: 



- road construction; 



- right-of-way clearing; 



- excavation of cut/fill material; 



- installation of road-surface and 

 ditch-drainage features; 



- installation of culverts at stream 

 crossings; 



- burning right-of-way slash; 



- hauling and installation of borrow 

 material; and 



- blading and shaping road surfaces. 



■Rpad Improvements 



Construction projects on an existing 

 road to improve ease of travel, 

 safety, drainage, and water quality. 



Saplings 



Trees 1 to 4 inches in diameter at 

 breast height. 



S^aurtlmber trees 



Trees with a minimum dbh of 9 

 inches . 



Scarification 



The mechanized gouging and ripping 

 of surface vegetation and letter to 

 expose mineral soil and enhance the 

 establishment of natural 

 regeneration. 



^coping 



The process of determining the 

 extent of the environmental 

 assessment task. Scoping includes 

 public involvement to learn which 

 issues and concerns should be 

 addressed and the depth of 

 assessment that will be required. 

 It also includes a review of other 

 factors such as laws, policies, 

 actions by other landowners, and 

 jurisdictions of other agencies that 

 may affect the extent of assessment 

 needed. 



Security 



For wild animals, the freedom from 

 the likelihood of displacement or 

 mortality due to human disturbance 

 or confrontation. 



Security habitat cgrlzziy bears) 



An area of a minimum of 2,500 acres 



that is at least .3 miles from 

 trails or roads with motorized 

 travel and high-intensity 

 nonmotorized use during the 

 nondenning period. 



Seedlings 



Live trees less that 1 inch dbh. 



Sediment 



In bodies of water, solid material, 

 mineral or organic, that is 

 suspended and transported or 

 deposited. 



Sediment yield 



The amount of sediment that is 

 carried to streams. 



Serai 



Refers to a biotic community that is 

 in a developmental, transitional 

 stage in ecological succession. 



Shade Intolerant 



Describes the tree species that 

 generally can only reproduce and 

 grow in the open or where the 

 overstory is broken and allows 

 sufficient sunlight to penetrate. 

 Often these are serai species that 

 get replaced by more shade -tolerant 

 species during succession. In 

 Stillwater State Forest, shade- 

 intolerant species generally include 

 ponderosa pine, western larch, 

 Douglas-fir, western white pine, and 

 lodgepole pine. 



Shade tolerant 



Describes tree species that can 

 reproduce and grow under the canopy 

 in poor sunlight conditions. These 

 species replace less shade-tolerant 

 species during succession. In 

 Stillwater State Forest, shade- 

 tolerant species generally include 

 subalpine fir, grand fir, Douglas- 

 fir, Engelmann spruce, and western 

 red cedar. 



SUtatlon 



The process of very fine particles 

 of soil (silt) settling. This may 

 occur in streams or from runoff. An 

 example would be the silt build-up 

 left after a puddle evaporates. 



Glossary 



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