LIABLE AND NON-LIABLE VARIETIES COMPARED AND CONTRASTED. 



23 



Samples of wood were taken for analysis from young and old trees of Cleopatra and Yates in 

 June, in order to determine if there was any striking difference in their composition. 



It was found that there was less moisture in the wood of Yates, and a little less ash than in 

 Cleopatra, when grown in the same orchard. 



There is a striking difference in the amount of phosphoric acid and magnesia in the young 

 wood of Yates as compared with that of Cleopatra. Phosphoric acid is a very necessary and important 

 nutritive substance to the tree, and magnesia influences the formation of chlorophyll, since it is an 

 essential constituent of it. The much larger proportion of these two substances in Yates will pro- 

 bably aid in the formation of a better nourished and healthier fruit. 



MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF DRIED APPLE SKINS. 



The analyses of the dried skins of several varieties of apples grown in New South Wales and 

 Queensland generally agree with the results previously obtained from Yates and Cleopatra apples 

 grown in Victoria. 



The percentage of ash was usually greater in the half-grown than in the full-grown and ripe 

 apples. 



In a susceptible variety such as Cleopatra, the amount of ash is greater than in a non-liable 

 variety, such as Yates, but while this is relatively true, there are other non-liable varieties, such as 

 Dunn's Favourite, in which the percentage of ash is greater than in Cleopatra. 



The ingredient present in greatest proportion is potash, and it was invariably greater in the 

 half -grown than in the full-grown fruit, with the exception of Dunn's Favourite, grown in Queensland, 

 in which it was equal in both stages. 



The amount of lime is greater in Yates than in any of the others when half -grown, but in Dunn's 

 Favourite, grown at Glen Innes, New South Wales, it was very slightly in excess of that of Yates. 



If a general comparison is made between the percentage of ash in the juice of the apple and in 

 the skin, there is seen to be a large increase in the latter. 



TABLE IX. MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF DRIED APPLE SKINS FROM HALF-GROWN APPLES, 



BATHURST EXPERIMENT FARM. 



Total ash 



Potash 



Lime 



Magnesia 



Oxides of iron and aluminium 



Phosphoric acid 



Sulphuric acid 



TABLE X. MINERAL CONSTITUENTS OF DRIED APPLE SKINS FROM HALF-GROWN APPLES, 



GLEN INNES EXPERIMENT FARM. 



Total ash 



Potash 



Lime 



Magnesia 



Oxides of iron and aluminium 



Phosphoric acid 



Sulphuric acid 



Yates. 

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