PART II. 



THE CEMENT RESOURCES OF ALABAMA. 



BY SUGDNF, A. SMITH. 



In Alabama is found an extensive series of limestones capable 

 of furnishing excellent raw material for the manufacture of 

 Portland cement, while the shales and clays necessary to com- 

 plete the mixture are found in every county in the State. As 

 a matter of convenience, the Portland cement materials of north- 

 ern Alabama and of central and southern Alabama will be dis- 

 cussed separately, because there is a marked geologic as well 

 ; s geographic distinction between the two portions of the State. 



CHAPTER 1. 



THE PORTLAND CEMENT MATERIALS OF NORTH- 

 ERN ALABAMA. 



The raw materials for the manufacture of Portland cement 

 occurring in the Paleozoic formations of northern Alabama are 

 limestones, shales, and clays. Of these the limestones belong 

 mainly to the Lower Carboniferous and the Trenton forma- 

 tions; the shales to the Coal Measures, and the clays to the 

 Cambrian, Lower Carboniferous, and Coal Measures. Al- 

 though as yet these materials have not been utilized for this 

 purpose in Alabama, they have been so used in other States, 

 and there is no reason to doubt that the future will witness 

 their utilization in Alabama. 



