t 12 



A large amount of material has been accumulated for the remaining 

 volume of geology which it is proposed to issue; but this volume will be 

 the last one published of the series, as it will be intended as a complete 

 resume of all the geological and palffiontological work. It will be accom 

 panied by all the necessary sections, showing the structure of the moun 

 tain ranges, and with a geological map of California, and probably of all 

 the Pacific States and Territories. 



4. PALAEONTOLOGY. 



But little exclusively palseontological work has been done within the 

 past two years, as Mr. Gabb has been employed in the field during most 

 of the time when in the service of the survey, as will be seen from the 

 synopsis of the movements of our parties given above. Most .of the 

 work performed has been in the way of arranging the collection of 

 fossils, unpacking the materials obtained, and selecting such as w T as 

 wanted for description. (See further on, under the head of " Publica 

 tions." 



5. ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. 



It is proposed in this department to prepare first that portion of the 

 report which includes the non-metalliferous minerals. Under this head 

 will be included coal, all bituminous substances, asphaltum, maltha, 

 petroleum, building materials, cements, paints, ochres, and earthy mate 

 rials in general. 



No plans can be made with regard to the continuation of the econo- 

 nomical geology so as to embrace the full and complete investigation of 

 the mines of the State, unless the Legislature can be induced to make a 

 more liberal provision for the support of the survey. It is useless to 

 commence in this department unless the work in it can be thoroughly 

 done. We have enough already of crude estimates, superficial investi 

 gations, and other worthless rubbish. If properly executed, the work 

 in this department will be of the greatest pecuniary value to the State ; 

 but the Legislature cannot expect results of this high importance with 

 out any outlay. Eminent mining engineers arid chemists cannot be 

 found willing to work with salaries less than the wages of ordinary 

 mechanics. 



6. BOTANY. 



The collection of material for the botanical report has been continued 

 during the past two years in such a manner as to be but a trifling 

 expense to the State. Mr. Bolander has had charge of this department, 

 and has made extensive additions to our collections and to the material 

 placed in the hands of the botanical collaborators of the survey in the 

 Eastern States and in Europe. Indeed, so many new discoveries have 

 been made, that the thorough w r orking up of our materials seems likely 

 to occupy a somewhat longer time than was expected. 



Mr. Bolander was in the field from April eleventh, eighteen hundred 

 and sixty-six, to September twenty-fifth, collecting in Mariposa, Tuol- 

 umne, and Mono Counties. In eighteen hundred and sixty-seven he 

 made another excursion of a month through Sonoma, Mendocino, and 

 Humboldt Counties; and later in the season, spent some time in Santa 

 Cruz and San Mateo. The northern part of the State, namely, Trinity, 

 Humboldt, Klamath, and Del Norte, is the portion which now most 

 needs botanical exploration. Another month's collecting in San Diego 



