52 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



form a very symmetrical pyramidal head with the upper 

 branches ascending. The leaves are very dark green. This 

 species is rare in cultivation in this country. The var. aus- 

 triaca is planted as extensively as the Scotch pine. With its 

 stout spreading branches and large dark green leaves, a well- 

 developed Austrian pine is an object of much beauty. It is 

 perfectly hardy in the coldest exposures, and makes an excel- 

 lent windbreak as it grows rapidly. It seems to maintain itself 

 well in this country for at least sixty to seventy years. The 

 Crimean pine, P. nigra var. Pallasiana, with stout branches, 

 thin branching habit, and dark green prominent leaves, is now 

 thirty feet tall at Highland Park. The Pyrenean pine, P. 

 nigra var. cehennensis, is a low-growing form with a broad 

 base and orange-colored branchlets. 



The Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora, in fifteen years 

 forms a handsome round-topped tree. During the severe 

 winter of 1917 and 1918 it suffered considerable injury, but 

 quickly recovered. The var. umbraculifera is perhaps better 

 known in gardens than the type, and forms a low, round bushy 

 top. It is a most excellent plant in formal gardening. 



Thunberg pine, Pinus Thunbergii, from Japan, has a very 

 thin branching habit, with heavy branches somewhat sprawling. 

 It is not handsome but has a picturesque appearance and is 

 quite hardy. In twenty years it forms a tree twenty- three 

 feet tall. 



The jack pine, Pinus Banhsiana, has no ornamental value, 

 but to some persons it has a picturesque appearance. It is 

 very hardy, as it grows as far north as Hudson Bay. It does 

 well on sandy slopes. The slender branches are spreading and 

 occasionally much divergent. 



The table mountain pine, Pinus pungens, native from New 

 Jersey to North Carolina, has a decidedly flat-topped pictur- 



