se THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



Tlie Austrian pine is another very satisfactory species, 

 growing about equally as fast as P. resinosa. The Scotch, 

 resinosa, and Austrian pines are all excellent trees for field plant- 

 ing and for covering waste spaces and rocky, worthless land. 



The white pine, the Bhotan, and some other of the soft- 

 needle pines suffer severely from the pine weevil, and unless 

 constant care is taken and the trees are given frequent spraying, 

 these trees lose their leading shoots and become mere bushes, 

 presenting a ragged and unsightly appearance and are, of 

 course, then useless for timber purposes. These trees, together 

 with P. Banhsiana and P. Cemhra, also suffer severely from a 

 comparatively new insect enemy, the imported sawfly, the 

 larvae of which, almost as numerous on these trees as the so- 

 called tent-worm is on the wild cherries, denude the trees of 

 their needles, and, as there are several broods a year, the new 

 growth in its turn is destroyed, so that the tree eventually 

 dies unless it is saved by spraying or other methods. On young 

 trees, the best plan is to crush the caterpillars with the hands, 

 gloved or otherwise, as they appear, but this requires constant 

 watching throughout the summer because of the several broods. 

 Another recently discovered enemy, but attacking only the 

 white pine, is the pine-tube builder, which also feeds on the 

 foliage, but is not, so far, a very serious menace. 



Pitch pine and P. ponderosa are among the very slow growers 

 in this locality, some trees, ten to twelve years of age, having 

 attained a height of only six to seven feet in this period. 



The yew deserves to be much more widely grown for orna- 

 ment than is now the case. Free from enemies, a fairly rapid 

 grower, it can be used for many purposes. It makes excellent 

 hedges, stands pruning well, and the bright red berries con- 

 trasted with the deep green foliage make these shrubs in the 

 autumn a most beautiful picture. 



