ADAPTATION OF CONIFERS 85 



when growing either under forest conditions or as single 

 specimens in that province. It does well when planted in 

 Ontario and makes a fine ornamental and lawn tree, its massive 

 appearance giving it quite a distinct character. The bark of 

 the trunk is also striking. It bears some resemblance in a 

 general way to the Austrian pine, but can be readily distin- 

 guished by its having leaves in clusters of three. When obtained 

 from the coldest part of its range, this tree proves hardy in 

 places on the prairies. 



The lodge-pole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia (P. Mur- 

 ray ana), is a very useful ornamental species for the prairie 

 provinces because of its hardiness. It resembles the Banksian 

 pine very closely, but is more ornamental, the tree having the 

 appearance of being better clothed with foliage. The cones 

 are also persistent as in that species. It is a native of the foot- 

 hills and mountains from Alberta in the east, to the west 

 coast, and varies much in different parts of its range. It does 

 well when planted in eastern Canada, where, however, it is 

 little used because of more ornamental species hardy there. 



Banksian pine, Pinus Banksiana, commonly called the 

 jack pine, is found wild on poor, light soils in Canada from the 

 Atlantic west to the Rocky Mountains. It has little value as 

 an ornamental tree, as it has the appearance of lacking foliage, 

 but is useful to the prairies as being one of the few species 

 that can be grown there. 



Pitch pine, Pinus rigida, is a native of eastern Canada, 

 although not a common tree there, and is one of the few three- 

 leaved pines in this country. It is not of particular value as 

 an ornamental, not being very attractive in outline. 



The limber pine, Pinus flexilis, is a small, not very orna- 

 mental tree, native of the foothills and Rocky Mountains of 

 southern Alberta and British Columbia. It helps to make a 



