ADAPTATION OF CONIFERS 93 



Nordmann fir, Abies Nordmanniana, is a useful ornamental 

 tree for the west coast. The dark green glossy leaves with the 

 silvery-white of the under side give it a very striking appear- 

 ance. Specimens from coldest districts are worth trying in 

 eastern Canada. 



Siberian fir, Ahies sihirica, is quite hardy at Ottawa but 

 looks best when young. The foliage is of a lighter green than 

 that of most other firs. It is more useful for temporary than 

 for more permanent planting. 



Like the other firs, Veitch fir, Ahies Veitchii, looks best 

 when young. The foliage is attractive, being deep green above 

 and silvery below, making a fine contrast. This is compara- 

 tively hardy at Ottawa, but loses some of its branches from 

 winter-injury. It also is more suitable for the west coast. 



Additional species succeeding in the coast region of southern 

 British Columbia, including Vancouver Island, are: Abies 

 cephalonica and var. Apollinis, A. homolepis, A. cilicica, A. 

 nobilis, A. alba. 



The arhor-vitcB. 



The American arbor-vitse is one of the most useful trees in 

 eastern Canada, and in British Columbia the western arbor- 

 vitae, Thuja plicata, is also very valuable. Not only is the 

 American arbor- vitse one of the most durable so far as the wood 

 is concerned — and it is particularly valuable for fence, tele- 

 graph, and telephone poles — but it makes the best evergreen 

 hedge plant for eastern Canada and is one of the most orna- 

 mental lawn trees when given room for full development. 



While the ordinary wild type oi American arbor-vitae, 

 Thuja occidentalis, makes a well-shaped and attractive speci- 

 men tree, there are many horticultural forms which give great 

 variety to the landscape. Many of these have been tested at 



