ADAPTATION OF CONIFERS 103 



and also does remarkably well in sandy soils. Its broad, coarse, 

 twisted, flexible leaves of deep grayish-green, set firmly in a 

 strong sheath, stand stormy, sweeping winds well. The tree 

 may be used for screens, windbreaks, or as a background for 

 other trees. 



The red pine, Pinus resinosa, grows in almost any kind of 

 land, except a heavy clay, but thrives best in a sandy soil. It 

 is perfectly hardy, even in northern Canada, and is often planted 

 in places where no other pine will grow. Its luxuriant dark 

 green foliage and uniform size add to the landscape. 



The gray pine, Pinus Banksiana, is found farther northward 

 than any other American pine. It has no commercial value 

 and is planted only on account of its peculiar stunted growth. 



In America the Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris, is cultivated 

 largely for windbreaks and when quick growth is desired. It 

 grows in most kinds of soil, from a heavy clay to a pure sand. 

 This species bears transplanting better than other pines. 



The white pine, Pinus Strobus, grows in very different 

 situations and soil, except in pure sand or submerged, but 

 thrives best in a sandy loam. It is extensively planted for 

 forest purposes, not only in America but in Europe, on account 

 of its fast growth and the commercial value of its wood, and 

 is also widely used for ornamental planting on large estates 

 for natural or for woodland effects. It is very pleasing as a 

 background for other pines and conifers on account of its 

 rapid, stately growth. Wliite pines transplant easily and require 

 less care after transplanting than any other pines. 



The limber pine, Pinus flexilis, resembles somewhat the 

 white pine, but is of more compact habit and the foliage is a 

 darker green. It is perfectly hardy in the Northwest and grows 

 in any kind of soil, but prefers a sandy loam. The branches are 

 flexible and the tree of bushy habit. It is used in ornamental 



