104 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



planting for barren bluffs and ravines where natural effects 

 are desired. 



Pinus nigra var. austriaca, or Austrian pine, is grown for 

 its wood and for ornamental purposes. Its form is a regular 

 symmetrical pyramid, and when older its flat top becomes 

 picturesque. It is valuable for bold natural effects and wind- 

 breaks. Given ample space it will maintain its lower branches 

 and become a source of beauty for thirty to forty years. Its 

 dark green foliage and stiff branches will withstand wind and 

 heavy snow. 



Pinus Mugo is one of the best of the pine family for low 

 and compact growth. In form it varies from a prostrate shrub 

 to a pyramidal tree twenty-five to forty feet in height. This 

 pine is perfectly hardy in any part of the United States and 

 Canada and grows in any kind of soil except in low muck 

 and undrained marsh-land; it will do well even in sandy, 

 gravelly soil. 



Pinus rigida, or pitch pine, is an open, irregular, pyramidal 

 tree to about seventy-five to eighty feet high. It is planted on 

 rocky slopes on account of its picturesque habit when older. 

 Plants are easily raised from seeds. 



Pinus pungens, western table mountain pine, is a most 

 interesting irregular tree and when young resembles P. Mugo 

 in habit but not in color. ^ Its foliage is of a pale yellowish- 

 green. This tree will grow thirty to forty feet high. The 

 branches are spreading, forming a broad often fiat-topped 

 head. It is hardy in the Northwest and Canada. The tree 

 grows in moist soil but prefers a gravelly subsoil. 



The Swiss stone pine, Pinus Cembra, has been a favorite for 

 ornamental planting. Its leaves are dark green and the tree 

 of very compact pyramidal form. The branches are short 

 and when the tree is older it becomes often very picturesque. 



