ADAPTATION OF CONIFERS 109 



' The Nordmann fir, with its dark green fohage, silvery- white 

 below, does well when planted with other evergreens in groups, 

 when it is partially if not wholly shaded and protected from 

 the winter's sun. Most firs are subject to sun-scorch, but 

 especially Abies Nordmamiiana and A. Veitchii. Both are 

 perfectly hardy and should be planted on a northern exposure, 

 in medium clay loam. They will do well on undrained land or 

 in a gravelly hard-pan soil. 



Pseudotsuga taxifolia, Douglas fir, is valuable for land- 

 scape planting on account of its easy propagation from seeds, 

 easy transplanting and fast growth, hardiness and adaptation 

 to any soil except low, undrained, swampy soil. The tree is of 

 tall sj^mmetrical habit.' The foliage varies in color from a dark 

 green to a li^ht bluish-silvery hue. It withstands the wind 

 remarkably well and can stand considerable shade, maintaining 

 its branches to the ground when given ample room, and mak- 

 ing fine lawn specimens. 



Thuja occidenialis, or white-cedar, is one of the hardiest and 

 best evergreens for shelter-belts and timber planting. The 

 American arbor-vitse is the original from which many types 

 have been developed. When planted with ample space, it 

 maintains its branches from the bottom up/' It is, therefore, 

 very attractive for lawns and windbreaks. This tree is very 

 hardy and dependable in almost any situation, but moist 

 location is preferred. The foliage is soft and flexible and of 

 fine deep green color. The tree is easily grown from seeds sown 

 in early spring in lath frames or brush-shades. Var. Doiiglasii 

 aurea is a type with deep yellow foliage, of medium height, 

 forming a broad bushy specimen. In planting it is grouped 

 with other evergreens and adds contrast with its unusual bright 

 golden color, being especially attractive when planted with the 

 darker shades of green as a background. It grows in any 



