ADAPTATION OF CONIFERS 113 



habit. This beautiful yew is valuable on account of its dark, 

 luxurious foliage and irregular form of growth. The tree grows 

 in any rich garden soil with perfect drainage. It is propagated 

 from cuttings and grafting on T. canadensis. 



Taxus brevifolia is of dwarf, compact growth. It is the 

 darkest of all evergreen trees and is of irregular and picturesque 

 outline, about five to sLx feet high and with a spread of four 

 to five feet. It is very popular on account of its extreme 

 hardiness and beautiful dark green color. It requires a rich 

 clay loam and perfect drainage and is propagated from cuttings 

 and by grafting on T. canadensis. 



Taxus baccata var. repandens is a low spreading form with 

 luxuriant dark green foliage not unlike T. cuspidata, but of 

 lower growth and more spreading. For planting in front of 

 other evergreens it is one of the most desirable. It stands the 

 winter well when planted in a sandy loam with perfect drainage. 

 It is well to shade the plant somewhat when exposed to full 

 sun in late winter as it is somewhat subject to sunburn, and, 

 therefore, does best on a northern exposure. Var. aurea is a 

 golden form. Var. fastigata and fastigiata aurea can be grown 

 in the Northwest with protection and planted in a protected 

 spot among other evergreens. All varieties of English yew 

 are propagated from cuttings or grafting. 



Of late years the red-cedar (Juniperus virginiana) has been 

 extensively employed for ornamental planting, especially in 

 the Northwest and Canada. Its extreme hardiness and 

 stately, upright, compact habit make it very useful for wind- 

 breaks, especially for exposed, windy positions. It grows well 

 in any soil except in a sour alkali, but does best on a gravelly 

 or sandy subsoil. The color of foliage varies from a dark green 

 to a steel-blue. Junipers vary in habit from a tall pyramidal 

 tree to a low prostrate or trailing shrub. J. virginiana and its 



