118 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



two; cypress family, ten; yew family, two. So many of these 

 are of decided horticultural value that one may plant richly 

 and in great variety of species and general appearance without 

 using other than natives of California. W^hile all pines are 

 much alike in general appearance, and also cypresses, three 

 species of the latter family have unusually handsome and 

 distinct foliage and are widely planted in park and garden. 

 They are: Lihocedrus decurrens, incense-cedar; Thuja plicata, 

 canoe-cedar; and Chamcecyparis Lawsoniana, Port Orford 

 cedar, better known in California as Lawson cypress. However, 

 of all native conifers planted as single or solitary specimens, 

 the most popular are the redwoods, or, as known to the plant 

 trade, the redwood and the big tree. Sequoia sempervirens 

 and S. gigantea. 



Of the twenty-eight species of native pines, several are 

 employed in forestry work by the state and federal depart- 

 ments and only about four in ornamental grounds. Of the 

 latter, Pinus radiata is used more than all species combined, 

 either as an ornamental or for woodlot and small forest plant- 

 ings. It is, however, very short-lived, being estimated that at 

 the most it lives but one hundred fifty years, and on its native 

 heath it sometimes dies at forty years of age. In park and 

 garden it does not always live the stated minimum, so that 

 many perish of mature old age during the life of the planter. 

 The three other garden species, in the order of their popularity, 

 are: P. Coulteri, P. Torreyana, and P. cemhroides var. Par- 

 ryana, the latter often catalogued as P. quadrifolia. 



Of cypresses, the Monterey, Cupressus macrocarpa, far out- 

 classes all other species in numbers planted. Thirty years ago 

 it was much used for hedges in city and village, but hedges are 

 now very little planted, though Monterey cypress is much in 

 evidence in windbreaks about orchards and is almost the only 



