ENUMERATION OF CONIFERS 179 



KEY TO THE GENERA 



A. Anthers 2-celled: carpels l-oviiled. 



B. Seed without aril: leaves conspicuous, }4r^ inch broad 1. Podocarpus 



BB. Seed surrounded by an aril: leaves scale-like, but branchlets 



flattened and expanded into leaf-like cladodia 2. Phyllocladus 



AA. Anthers 3-8-celled: leaves linear, less than I'i inch broad. 



B. Female flower consisting of several pairs of 2-ovuled carpels : 

 fruit drupe-like: leaves beneath with 2 glaucous bands 

 broader than the 3 green bands: branchlets opposite. .. .3. Cephaix)TAXUS 

 BB, Female flower reduced to a single ovule. 



c. Fruit drupe-like: anthers 4-celled: leaves with 2 glaucous 

 bands narrower than the 3 green lines, with aresin-duct 



in the middle: branchlets subopposite 4. Torreya 



CC. Fruit berry-like, consisting of a bony seed surrounded by a 

 campanulate aril: anthers 6-8-celled: leaves pale green 

 beneath, without resin-duct: branchlets alternate 5. Taxus 



1. PODOCARPUS, L'H^r. 



Evergreen trees, rarely shrubs: leaves alternate, sometimes opposite or 

 2-ranked, sessile or short-stalked, linear to elliptic, entire, rarely scale-like: 

 flowers monoecious or dioecious, axillary or subterminal, solitary or in spikes 

 at the end of short brancldets; the staminate flowers catkin-like, consisting 

 of spirally disposed 2-cclled anthers; the fertile flowers consisting of a scale 

 inclosing the ovule, with several bracts at the base, which become usually 

 much thickened at maturity, and form a fleshy receptacle bearing at the 

 top the globular or ovoid drupe- or nut-like seed; cotyledons 2. (Name 

 derived from the Greek pous, podos, foot, and karpos, fruit; in reference to 

 the fleshy fruit-stalk of most species). — The genus contains about 60 species, 

 chiefly in tropical and subtropical mountains of the West Indies, South 

 America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Some species with the flo%vers in 

 spikes and the fruits without fleshy receptacle are separated by some botan- 

 ists as Prumnopitys (Stachycarpus) . Nageia is a synonym. 



Two or three species are occasionally planted as ornamental trees in the 

 Southern States, but more are cultivated in European collections. Many 

 species are valuable timber trees in their native countries, and the fleshy 

 seed-stalks of some are eaten. 



a. Leaves linear-lanceolate, less than 3^ inch broad, spirally arranged. 



B. Length of leaves 1^-4 inches, apex obtuse or acute 1. P. iriacrophylla 



BB. Length of leaves J^-1 inch, apex acute and pungent 2. P. Totara 



AA. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate to lanceolate or sometimes ovate, about 



^ inch broad S. P. Nagi 



1. P. macrophylla, D. Don (P. longifolia, Hort.). Longleaf Podocabp. 

 Fig. 23. Tree attaining to 50 feet in height, with horizontally spreading 



