ENUMERATION OF CONIFERS 183 



small bushy tree, rarely to 30 feet tall in its native country, with wide- 

 spreading branches usually light green when young; bark of trunk gray and 

 fissured into narrow detachable strips: leaves about 1 inch long, abruptly 

 pointed, narrow and straight, often upturned: staminate flowers very 

 short-stalked: fruit usually obovate, narrowed at the base, purplish, about 

 1 inch long. Japan. — Introduced in 1830 to Europe by Siebold. Hardy 

 in sheltered places as far north as Massachusetts and usually forming a 

 shapeless, wide-spreading bush. 



Var. pedixnculata, Miq. (C Harringtonia, C. Koch. C. pedunculata, Sieb. 

 & Zucc). Harrington P. Young branches dark green: leaves to 2 inches 

 long, narrowed into a sharp point: male flowers in branched heads on a stalk 

 ]/2-^ inch long. — Known only as a cultivated plant in Japan and intro- 

 duced in 1829 into Europe. 



Var. fastigiata, Pilger (C. pedunculata var. fasiigiata, Carr. Podocarpus 

 koraiana, Sieb. & Zucc). Spiral P. Of columnar habit, with upright 

 branches and spirally arranged leaves. Cultivated in Japan. — Introduced to 

 Europe in 1830. Tenderer than the tj-pe and hardy as far north as New York. 



Var. nana, Rehd. (C. nayia, Nakai). Dwarf P. Shrub with upright or 

 ascending stems 1-6 feet tall and spreading by suckers: fruit subglobose, 

 ^ inch long, edible. North and central Japan. — Introduced in 1916 to the 

 Arnold Arboretum by E. H. Wilson. 



Var. sinensis, Rehd. & Wils. Shrub to 12 feet: leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 tapering to a sharp point. Central and western China. — Introduced in 1907 

 to the Arnold Arboretum. 



2. C. Fortuni, Hook. Chinese P. Tree to 30 feet tall with slender, spread- 

 ing branches often pendulous at the ends, the trunk usually dividing near 

 the ground into 2 to 5 ascending stems with reddish-brown bark peeling off 

 in large irregular flakes leaving pale markings: leaves 2-3 inches long, tapering 

 gradually into a sharp point, usually falcate, dark green and shining above: 

 fruit short-ellipsoidal, about Ij^ inches long, purplish. China. — Introduced 

 to England in 1849 by Robert Fortune. Hardy as far north as New York and 

 usually forming a rather irregular shrub with handsome dark green and 

 lustrous foliage. 



4. TORREYA, Arn. TORREYA 



Evergreen trees with fissured bark, whorled branches, and subopposite 

 branchlets; winter-buds with few decussate deciduous scales: leaves 2-ranked, 

 linear or linear-lanceolate, spiny-pointed, without distinct midrib above 

 and with 2 narrow glaucous bands beneath becoming fulvous with age, with 

 a resin-duct in the middle; when bruised the foliage emits a pungent or fetid 

 odor except in T. grandis: flowers dioecious, rarely monoecious; staminate 



