ENUMERATION OF CONIFERS 189 



spherical bush with ascending branchlets: leaves like those of the preceding 

 form. 



A hybrid between T. baccata and T. cuspidata is T. media, Rehd. Inter- 

 mediate between the parents, differing from T. baccata chiefly in the more 

 vigorous habit, the olive-green branclilets often reddish above, in the slightly 

 keeled scales of the winter-buds, m the broader and stouter, more abruptly 

 acuminate leaves with prominent midrib above, and in tlie more abruptly 

 enlarged base of the petiole, and from T. cmpidata in the olive-green color 

 of the two-year-old branchlets, in the obtuse winter-buds with obtuse scales, 

 in the more distinctly two-ranked leaves with often nearly horizontal ranks 

 and more or less lustrous above. The hybrid was raised about twenty years 

 ago in the Hunnewell gardens at Wellesley, Massachusetts, by T. D. Hatfield; 

 the many seedlings combming the characters of the parents in various ways, 

 but all differing from T. baccata in their greater hardiness. One distinct form 

 is var. Hatfieldii, Rehd., a compact bush of conical shape with upright branches 

 and radially spreading leaves; this form may take the place of the Irish yew 

 where the latter is not hardy. Another similar hybrid, raised by Henry 

 Hicks of Westbury, Long Island, is var. Hicksii, Rehd. {T. cvspidata var. 

 Hicksii, Hort.), a distinctly columnar form with upright branches and 

 radially spreading leaves, the original plant hi the Hicks Nursery being now 

 about 5 feet tall. This is even more similar to the Irish yew than the pre- 

 ceding variety and has proved perfectly hardy at the Arnold Arboretum where 

 the Irish yew is too tender. 



4. T. canadensis, Marsh. (T. baccata var. minor, Miclix. T. baccata var. 

 canadensis. Gray. T. minor, Britt.). Canada Y. Fig. 28. Low shrub usually 

 diffuse and straggling, but occasionally ascendmg and up to G feet tall; 

 mature branclilets green becoming reddish-brown: leaves often indistinctly 

 2-ranked, very short-stalked, narrow, abruptly mucronate, dark yellowish- 

 green above, assuming a reddish tint in winter: flowers usually monax-ious: 

 fruit ripening in August, six to eight weeks earlier than those of T. baccata 

 and T. cuspidata, the aril with an opening scarcely as wide as the seed which 

 is broad-ovoid or broader than high, scarcely ridged, about | inch long. 

 Newfoundland and Manitoba to Virginia and Iowa. — Introduced to England 

 about 1800. The hardiest 

 of the yews, but less 

 handsome than the other 

 species, one of its chief 

 drawbacks being the 

 reddish tinge the foliage | 

 assumes in winter. It •^^"^^ 

 does well as under- »|| 

 growth in shady woods, 28. Taxus canadensis. 



