ENUMERATION OF CONIFERS 



235 



species is G. sinensis, Henry (G. heteropJnjUa, Endl. Taxodium heterophyllum, 

 Brongn.)- A small tree with dimorphic deciduous leaves linear and arranged 

 in 3 ranks on sterile branches, imbricate and scale-like on fertile ones: cones 

 pyriform, about ^i inch long. Southeastern China. — Introduced to Great 

 Britain in 1804, but apparently unknown in this country. 



13. SEQUOIA, Endl. 



Large evergreen trees with thick, red, fibrous and deeply grooved bark; 

 heartwood dark red, soft, durable, straight-grained; sapwood thin and nearly 

 white: leaves persistent, alternate, linear or awl-shaped or scale-like, often 

 dimorphic: flowers monoecious; staminate catkins axillary and 

 terminal, each of the numerous spirally arranged stamens bearing 

 2-5 pollen-sacs; fertile catkins terminal, com- 

 posed of many spirally arranged scales, each 

 with 4-7 ovules at base: cone woody, persis- 

 tent, the divergent scales widened at summit 

 which is rhomboidal, wrinkled, and with 

 depressed center; seeds flattened, winged; 

 cotyledons 4-6. (Named after Sequoyah, a 

 Cherokee half-breed of Georgia, originator 

 of the Cherokee alphabet; about 1770-1843.) 

 — Two species in western North America. 



A. Leaves mostly spreading in 2 



ranks: buds scaly 1. ~ 



A.\. Leaves appressed or slightly 

 spreading, not 2-ranked : 

 buds naked 2. S. gigantca 



1. S. sempervirens, Endl. Redwood. Fig. 

 56 and Plate XXIII. Tree 100 to 340 feet 

 high, with trunk 10-25 feet in diameter and 

 often clear of limbs for 100 feet in mature 

 specimens, the narrow crown with horizontal 

 or downward-sweeping branches; bark dark 

 brown, 6-12 inches thick, divided into rounded 

 ridges covered with long and narrow fibrous 

 scales, in falling disclosing the light cinnamon- 

 red inner bark: leaves linear, mostly ) 

 inch long, 1-1 3^ lines wide, spreading in flat 

 sprays, or the upper leaves and those on main 

 stems of the branches often ordy 1-5 lines long 

 and awl-shaped: cone oval, M~lH inches .5(5. Sequoia sempervirens. 



sempervirens 



