ENUMERATION OF CONIFERS 263 



scales \}/i~\]/2 inches wide; bracts hidden. Oregon to California. — Intro- 

 duced in 1851 to Great Britain. A handsome fir of regular habit, doing well 

 in the Eastern States, but less hardy than the preceding species. 



Var. glauca, Beiss. Azure F. With deep glaucous foliage. 



Var. axgentea, Beiss. With bluish-white foliage. 



Var. shastensis, Lemm. {A. shastensis, Lemm.). Bracts exserted and 

 often reflexed, covering nearly half the scales. Oregon to California. 



32. A. venusta, K. Koch (.4. bradeata, Nutt.). Bristlecone F. Tree to 

 150 feet tall; the lower branches pendulous, the upper short, forming a head 

 abruptly narrowed from a broad pyramidal base into a slender spire; bark 

 smooth, brown, fissured at the base of old trees; winter-buds elongated, acute, 

 ^-1 inch long, not resinous; branchlets greenish, glabrous: leaves pectinate, 

 linear-lanceolate to linear, rigid, spiny-pointed, 1^-2 J^ inches long, shining 

 dark green above, not grooved, with broad white bands beneath: cones 

 ovoid, 3-4 inches long, purplish-brown, resinous; bracts exserted, upright, 

 ending in rigid spines 1-2 inches long, giving the cone a bristly appearance. 

 California. — Introduced to Europe in 1853. Outside of California possibly 

 hardy in the Southern States. A very handsome fir of striking appearance. 



22. PSEUDOTSUGA, Carr. 



Tall evergreen trees with irregularly whorled branches; winter-buds ovoid, 

 acute, not resinous; branchlets nearly smooth, marked with oval scars after 

 the leaves have fallen: leaves more or less 2-ranked, linear, flattened, green 

 and grooved above, with a stomatiferous white band on each side of the 

 prominent midrib beneath, with only 1 vascular bundle in the center, and 

 with 2 subepidermal resin-canals: staminate flowers axillary, cylindric; 

 female flowers terminal on short branchlets: cones pendent, ovate-oblong, 

 maturing the same season; scales rounded, rigid, persistent; bracts longer 

 than the scales, 2-lobed at the apex with the midrib produced into a rigid 

 awn; each scale with 2 nearly triangular seeds with a wing shorter than the 

 scale; cotyledons 6-12. (Name derived from Greek pseudos, and tiuga; 

 meaning that the genus, though closely related to Tsuga, is not a true Tsuga.) 

 — Four species: two in western North America, one in Japan, and one in 

 China and Formosa. 



P. taxifolia, Britt. (P. Douglasii, Carr. P. mucronata, Sudw. P. Lind- 

 Icyana, Carr. Abies Douglasii, Lindl. Abietia Douglasii, Kent). Douglas 

 Fir (Douglas Spruce, Red Fir). Fig. 29 and Plates XXIX, XXX. 

 Pyramidal tree attaining 200 feet in height and sometimes more, with a trunk 

 becoming 12 feet in diameter, clothed with ridged dark red-brown bark; 

 branches horizontal, with pendulous branchlets: leaves linear, straight or 

 curved, obtuse, slender and flexible, dark green or bluish-green, M~l/^ 



