274 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



chiefly in the darker bark, brighter yellow lustrous branehlets, longer leaves 

 less sharply pointed, and in the more lustrous, sometimes slightly pointed 

 cone-scales. Western China. — Introduced in 1910 by E. H. Wilson to the 

 Arnold Arboretum. 



6. P. Maxunowiczii, Regel (P. Tschonoslcii, Mayr. P. excelsa var. obovata 

 japonica, Beiss.). Japanese Bush S. Tree to 80 feet or occasionally to 

 120 feet tall, with horizontal branches ascending at the ends; branehlets 

 glabrous, yellowish o." reddish-brown; winter-buds small, resinous, with 

 firmly appressed scales: leaves radially spreading, quadrangular, rigid and 

 pungent, 3^-| inch long, dark green: cone oblong, l}>^-^}/2 inches long, 

 lustrous brown, green before maturity, with rounded entire scales. Japan. — 

 Introduced in 1865 to Europe through the Petrograd Botanic Garden. Hardy 

 as far north as Massachusetts and usually seen in cultivation as a small, 

 compact, bushy tree. 



7. P. polita, Carr. (P. Torano, Koehne. P. Thunhergii, Asch. & Graebn. 

 P. hicolor, Hort., not Maxim.). Tigertail S. Tree to 90 feet tall, forming a 

 dense broad pyramid, with rigid stout branches when young, older trees with 

 the habit of P. Abies, with somewhat pendulous branches; young branehlets 

 thick, glabrous, yellowish-brown; winter-buds blackish-brown, acute, 34-f 

 inch long, with closely appressed scales: leaves radially spreading, rigid, 

 higher than broad, often falcate, shining dark green, 3^"~1 inch long: fertile 

 flowers green, staminate yellowish: cone oblong, 4-5 inches long, brown, 

 glossy; scales broad, with finely denticulate margin. Japan. — Introduced 

 in 1861 to Great Britain and the following year to America by Dr. G. R. Hall. 

 Hardy to southern Ontario and New England. It is one of the most distinct 

 spruces; of very striking appearance with its rigid spiny leaves spreading in 

 all directions from the stout branches, but usually of rather irregular habit; 

 also the conspicuous dark winter-buds are a feature of this species. 



8. P. heterolepis, Rehd. & Wils. Tree to 80 feet tall; branehlets reddish 

 or yellowish-brown, glabrous, with spreading prominent petioles; winter- 

 buds large, ovoid, resinous, light brown, with obtuse scales revolute at apex: 

 leaves quadrangular, stout, often slightly curved, abruptly spiny-pointed, 

 3/2-M inch long, bluish-green, often glaucescent: cone cylindric, 4-6 inches 

 long, with rigid rhombic-ovate scales, the lower ones deeply emarginate at 

 the apex. Western China. — Introduced in 1910 by E. H. Wilson to the 

 Arnold Arboretum where it has proved hardy. 



9. P. asperata, Mast. Tree to 100 feet tall, with grayish-brown bark 

 peeling off in thin flakes; branclilets pale yellowish-gray, pubescent, with 

 often spreading or recurved petioles; winter-buds conical-ovoid, yellowish- 

 brown: leaves quadrangular, often curved, |-f inch long, acute or acutish 

 and beveled at the apex, dark green: cones cjdindric-oblong, 3^4-4 inches 

 long, fawn-gray when ripe, finally changing to chestnut-brown; cone-scales 



