312 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



ously white-fringed scales brown in the middle: leaves slender, spreading 

 and pendulous, light green and lustrous, 9-12 inches long: cones cylindric- 

 ovoid, 4-8 inches long; apophysis low-pyramidal, irregularly 4-sided, light 

 brown and glossy, with obtuse umbo; seed Y2 inch long. Canary Islands. — 

 Early introduced into southern Europe. Cultivated in California where it 

 grows faster than the native P. radiata, even in dry and rocky situations. 

 Not hardy north of the Southern States, but in the North sometimes grown 

 in greenhouses for its decorative, long, and drooping foliage. 



Group 8. P1NE.E 



Leaves in clusters of 2, with persistent sheaths : seed-wing articulate, short, 

 deciduous. 



19. P. Pinea, L. Italian Stone P. Tree to 80 feet tall, with long hori- 

 zontally spreading branches forming in older trees a broad flat- topped head; 

 bark brown, smooth at first, ultimately deeply furrowed and scaly; branchlets 

 pale brown; winter-buds with revolute scales, oblong-ovoid, not resinous: 

 leaves rigid, acute, bright green, 5-8 inches long: cones broadly-ovoid, 

 chestnut-brown, 4-5J/2 inches long, maturing the third year; apophysis 

 depressed-pyramidal, radiately ridged; umbo flat, obtuse; seed reddish- 

 brown, ^ inch long, edible. Mediterranean region, from Portugal to Syria, 

 also in North Africa. — Much planted in southern Europe from a very early 

 period for ornament and for its edible seeds and cultivated in Great Britain 

 since the middle of the sixteenth century. Hardy only in California and the 

 Southern States. Older trees are of picturesque habit, with a trunk usually 

 destitute of branches for a considerable height and with a wide-spreading 

 parasol-like head. 



Section IV. Pinaster 



Fascicles of leaves with persistent sheaths : seed-wings long and articulate : 

 spring-shoots uninodal or multinodal. 



Group 9. Lariciones 



Cones dehiscent at maturity: spring-shoots uninodal: hypoderm-cells of 

 leaves uniform : ray-cells of wood with large pits. 



20. P. densiflora, Sieb. & Zucc. (P. Massojiiana, Hort., not Lamb.). 

 Japanese Red P. Fig. 83. Tree to 100 feet tall, with spreading branches 

 forming an irregular, rather broad head; bark orange-red, thin and scaly, 

 at the base of old trunks thicker, grayish and fissured into oblong plates; 

 branchlets orange-yellow, bloomy; winter-buds oblong-ovoid, chestnut- 

 brown: leaves slender, acute, bright bluish-green, 3-5 inches long: cones 

 short-stalked, conspicuously mucronate when young, conic-ovoid to oblong, 



