320 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



a minute prickle; seed grayish-brown, 34 inch long. Japan. — Introduced to 

 Holland in 1855. Hardy as far north as New England and southern 

 Ontario. A handsome, picturesque tree with wide-spreading branches forming 

 a broad irregular head. 



Of the several garden forms cultivated in Japan, one of the best is var. 

 oculus-draconis, Mayr, with the leaves marked with two broad yellow bands 

 similar to the variety of the same name of P. densifiora. 



28. P. sinensis, Lamb. (P. leucosperma, Maxim. P. funehris, Komar. 

 P. Henryi, Mast. P. Wilsonii, Shaw. P. tabuliformis, Carr.). China P. Tree 

 to 70 feet tall; bark of trunk dark gray, fissured, red on the limbs; branchlets 

 pale orange-yellow or pale grayish-yellow, slightly bloomy while young; 

 winter-buds oblong, light brown, lustrous, slightly or not resinous: leaves 

 2-3, oftener 2, stiff, glaucescent, with rough margins, 2-4 inches long: cones 

 subsessile, ovoid, 1H~23^ inches long, persistent for several years, pale 

 yellow-brown; apophysis rhombic, prominently keeled, with an obtuse or 

 mucronate umbo; seeds brown, mottled or whitish, over 34 inch long, with 

 the wing ^ inch long. Northern to central and western China. — Introduced 

 in 1919 by E. H. Wilson to the Arnold Arboretum where it has proved hardy 

 in sheltered positions. 



Var. densata, Shaw (P. densata. Mast. P. prominens. Mast.). Leaves 

 usually 2, 3-5 inches long, stiff: cones ovoid, 2-23^ inches long, oblique, 

 with their posterior apophysis tumid and prominent. 



Var. yunnanensis, Shaw (P. yunnanensis, Franch.). Yunnan P. Leaves 

 oftener 3, slender, 4-8 inches long: cones 23^-33^ inches long; apophysis 

 flat; umbo small; seed with wing nearly 1 inch long. Southwestern China. 



Group 10. AUSTRALES 



Cones dehiscent at maturity: spring-shoots uninodal or multinodal: 

 hj'poderm-cells of the leaf biform or variable: ray-cells of the wood with 

 small pits. 



29. P. ponderosa, Dougl. (P. Benthamiana, Hartw.). Western Yellow 

 P. (Bull P.). Fig. 89. Tree to 150, occasionally to 230 feet tall, with stout, 

 spreading and often pendidous branches usually ascending at the ends and 

 forming a narrow spire-like head; bark very variable, dark brown or nearly 

 black to cinnamon-red, fissured into rounded ridges or on old trees into 

 large plates, separating into thick cinnamon-red scales; branchlets orange- 

 brown, fragrant when broken; winter-buds oblong-ovoid or ovoid, resinous: 

 leaves acute, dark green, 5-11 inches long: cones almost sessile, often in 

 clusters, ovoid-oblong, light reddish or yellowish-brown and lustrous, 3-6 

 inches long; apophysis depressed-pyramidal or flattened, with a broadly 

 triangular umbo terminated by a stout, usually recurved prickle; lower scales 



