324 



THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



Group 11. Insignes 



Cones tenaciously persistent, often serotinous (remaining closed after 

 maturity for years) : ray-cells of wood with small pits. 



36. P. halepensis, Mill. (P. alepensis, Poir. P. pityusa, Stev.). Aleppo P. 

 Fig. 90. Tree to 60 feet tall, with short branches forming an open round- 

 topped head; bark gray, smooth for a long time, finally fissured and exposing 

 the reddish-brown inner bark; branchlets slender, yellowish- or light green- 

 ish-brown; winter-buds small, cylindric, not resinous: 

 leaves sometimes in 3's, slender, light green, 23/^-4 

 inches long: cones short-stalked, spreading or deflexed, 

 usually 1-3, conic-ovate or conic-oblong, yellowish- 

 brown, unarmed, 23^^-3 J/^ inches long; apophysis 

 flattened, with a transverse line and slightly or not 

 elevated obtuse umbo; seed ^ inch long. Mediter- 

 ranean region, from Portugal and Algeria to Afgha- 

 nistan. — Recommended for seaside planting and 

 much planted in Europe. Cultivated in California; in 

 the East probably not hardy north of the Southern 

 States. Of little ornamental value; the trunk usually 

 slender and destitute of branches for a considerable 

 height and the foliage thin and sparse, in tufts at the 

 end of the branchlets. 



Var. brutia, Henry (P, hrutia. Ten. P. eldarica, 

 Medw. P. pyrenaica, Lapeyr.). Leaves 4-7, rarely 

 8 inches long, more rigid, bright or dark green: cones 

 sessile, not deflexed, usually in whorls of 2-6, 2-4 

 inches long, with rugose depressed knobs. 



37. P. Pinaster, Ait. (P. maritima, Poir.). Clusteb P. Tree to 100 feet 

 tall, with spreading or sometimes pendulous branches forming a pyramidal 

 head; bark deeply fissured into narrow longitudinal ridges covered with small 

 scales; branchlets bright reddish-brown; winter-buds oblong-oval, brown, 

 not resinous: leaves stiff, acute, usually twisted, glossy green, 5-9 inches 

 long: cones short-peduncled, clustered, conic-oblong, light brown and glossy, 

 4-7 inches long; apophysis pyramidal, conspicuously keeled with prominent 

 triangular acute umbo; seed grayish-brown, }/^ inch long. Southern Europe 

 and Algeria near the coast. — Much used in southern Europe, particularly in 

 southern France, and also in South Africa and Australia for the reforestation 

 of sand-dunes; in Europe it is chiefly exploited for resin and turpentine. 

 Probably not hardy north of the Southern States and California. A handsome 

 pine of regular pyramidal habit and of rapid growth. 



38. P. pungens, Lamb. Table Mountain P. (Poverty P.). Tree to 30, 



90. Pinus halepensis. 



