330 THE CULTIVATED EVERGREENS 



young stems and branches thin and smooth, pale brown, at base of old trunks 

 dark brown and shallowly fissured into large loose scales; young branchlets 

 slender, dark orange-brown; winter-buds oblong-ovoid, dark brown: leaves 

 slender, acuminate, pale yellowish or bluish-green, 3-7, usually 4-5 inches 

 long: cones short-stalked, usually in clusters, elongated -conical, 3 3^-6 inches 

 long, upper scales with pyramidal apex and prominent sharply pointed and 

 recurved umbo, lower scales with depressed apex and small prickly umbo; 

 seed }/i inch long. Oregon to California. — Introduced in 1847 by Th. Hartweg 

 to Great Britain. Not hardy north of the Southern States. In cultivation 

 usually a bushy tree with sparse dull foliage. 



A related species is P. patula, Sclilecht. & Cham. Tree to 80 feet tall, 

 with stout spreading branches; bark grayish-brown, irregularly fissured, 

 the upper part of the trunk and the branches red, with deciduous scales; 

 branchlets slender, pruinose, becoming light reddish-brown: leaves usually 

 3, sometimes 4-5, slender and drooping, 9-12 inches long, grass-green: 

 cones in clusters, conic-ovoid, 3-4^^2 inches long; apophyses nut-brown, 

 tumid, keeled, with a flat or depressed unarmed umbo. Central Mexico. — 

 Introduced about 1828 to Europe. Doubtful whether in cultivation in this 

 country; hardy only south. One of the most ornamental pines resembling 

 the Himalayan P. longifolia, but hardier. 



Group 12. Maceocakp^ 



Cones large, with pointed prominent apophyses; seeds with a thick wing: 

 leaves long and stout: spring-shoots multinodal or uninodal in No. 49: ray- 

 cells of wood with small pits. 



47. P. Coulteri, D. Don (P. macrocarpa, Lindl.). Coulter P. Tree to 80 

 feet tall, with stout branches, pendulous below and ascending above, forming 

 a loose pyramidal head; bark dark brown or nearly black, deeply divided into 

 broad rounded ridges covered with thin appressed scales; winter-buds oblong- 

 ovoid, resinous: leaves stout, acuminate, dark bluish-green, 6-12 inches long: 

 cones short-stalked, pendent, cylindric-ovoid, yellowish-brown, 9-14 inches 

 long; apophysis elongated-pyramidal, narrowed into the compressed spiny- 

 tipped straight or incurved umbo; seed-wing broadest about the middle and 

 nearly 1 inch long. Southern and Lower California. — Introduced to Great 

 Britain in 1847 by Hartweg. Hardy only in the Southern States. Tree of 

 loose habit and with sparse foliage, but often picturesque in old age and the 

 large cones are conspicuous and ornamental. 



48. P. Sabiniana, Dougl. Digger P. (Bull P.). Tree to 50 or occasion- 

 ally 80 feet tall, usually divided into several stems with short crooked branches, 

 the lower ones pendent, the upper ones ascending, forming a round-topped 

 head; bark thick, dark brown, deeply and irregularly fissured into thick 



