BROAD-LEAVED EVERGREENS 361 



yellow, pedicels ^-1 inch long: fruit ovoid, ^— f inch long, bluish-black, 

 bloomy, with nearly sessile stigma. Flowers in June; fruit in autumn. West- 

 ern China. — Introduced in 1904 by E. H. Wilson to England and in 1908 

 to the Arnold Arboretum. 



B. Julianae, Schneid. Evergreen shrub to 6 feet tall; branclilets slightly 

 angled, yellowish when young, light yellowish-gray or yellowish-brown the 

 second year; spines rigid, 3-parted, M-lM inches long: leaves narrow-elliptic 

 to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1^-23^^ inches long, spiny-serrate, dark green 

 above, light green beneath and indistinctly veined, coriaceous: flowers 

 fascicled; pedicels )^2~1 inch long: fruit ovoid-oblong, about 3^3 inch long, 

 bluish-black, bloomy, with a short but distinct style. Central China. — 

 Introduced in 1900 by E. H. Wilson to England and in 1907 to the Arnold 

 Arboretum. 



B. Sargentiana, Schneid. Evergreen shrub to 6 feet tall; branchlets terete, 

 reddish while young, yellowish-gray or grayish-brown the second year; spines 

 rigid, 3-parted, K~lM inches long: leaves elliptic-oblong or oblong to oblong- 

 lanceolate, 13^-4 inches long, rather closely spiny-serrate, dark green above, 

 light green beneath and slightly reticulate, coriaceous : flowers about Y2 inch 

 across, fascicled; pedicels 3^-1 inch long: fruit ovoid, 3^-3^^ inch long, bluish- 

 black, slightly bloomy; stigma sessile. Central China. — Introduced in 1907 

 by E. H. Wilson to the Arnold Arboretum. This is the handsomest of the 

 three species here described. 



MAHONIA, Nutt. MAHONIA 



Evergreen unarmed shrubs, rarely small trees; terminal bud pointed, with 

 numerous persistent scales: leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, rarely 3-foliolate; 

 leaflets usually spiny-dentate, the lateral ones sessile: flowers yellow, in 

 usually many-flowered racemes or panicles springing from the axils of bud- 

 scales; sepals 9; petals 6; ovary usually with few ovules; stigma sessile or on a 

 short style: fruit dark blue and bloomy, rarely red or whitish; seeds few to 

 many. (Named in honor of Bernard M'Mahon, a prominent American 

 horticulturist; 1775-181G.) — About 50 species in North and Central America 

 and in eastern and southern Asia. 



M. Aquifolium, Nutt. {Berberis Aquifolium, Pursh. Odostcmon nutkanus, 

 Rydb.). Upright shrub to 3 or rarely 6 feet tall: leaflets 5-9, ovate to oblong- 

 ovate, 13^-3 inches long, rounded or truncate at the base, sinuately spiny- 

 dentate, lustrous dark green above, rarely dull, glaucescent and papillose 

 beneath, stiff and leathery; petioles slender, ^-2 inches long: racemes fas- 

 cicled, erect, 2-3 inches long, at the end of the branchlets: fruit subglobose, 

 about 3^3 inch across, bluish-black, bloomy. Flowers in May; fruit in autumn. 

 British Columbia to Oregon. — Introduced about 1806 by the Lewis and Clark 

 Expedition and first cultivated by M'Mahon in Philadelphia. 



