BOTHRIOCEPHALI. 95 



Special Part. 



The Cestode worms occur in man either only in the mature 

 state, and then in the human intestine (Bothriocephalus latns ; 

 Taenia mediocanellata ; Taenia nana ; and if the Taenia of the 

 Hottentots, mentioned under 3, is not a mere variety of Taenia 

 mediocanellata, probably this also) ; or only in the larva or scolex 

 state {Cysticercus visceralis autorum seu tenuicollis, according to 

 Eschricht ; Echinococcus veterinorum seu scolicipariens and 

 E. hominis seu altricipariens) ; or lastly, in all known stages of 

 development {Taenia, solium and Cysticercus celluloses). 



First Order — Bothriocephali — Dibothria. 



Cestoidea 2 osculis suctoriis aut 2 foveis marginalibus, oblongis 

 aut longitudinalibusoppositis instruct a. Capite subtetragono, depresso, 

 articulato plerumque, inermi. Pori genitales omnium articulorum 

 in linea mediana animalis et in ejus superjicie abdominali siti. 

 Scolices extra tubum intestinalem in cyslidibus peculiaribus ad 

 vermium platycercorum modum, aut in tubo intestinali animalium 

 minorum aquaticorum statu immaturo viventes ; Strobilse in tubo 

 intestinali animalium aquaticorum rapacium, avium maritimarum et 

 mammalium viventes ; Proglottides verae inter dum absunt, interdum 

 adsunt, saepissime in longa articulorum serie conjunctce dehiscentes. 

 Embryones sex hamulis armati ; ovulorum testae saepissime 

 coloratae. 



Of this division, which is particularly abundantly represented 

 in predaceous fishes, and more sparingly in piscivorous birds, 

 especially the marine Raptores, examples occur in but few 

 mammalia. Thus Creplin once saw two young, small Bothrio- 

 cephali in the intestine of a cat in Greifswald ; Natterer found 

 them in Brazil in Felis malivora and Procyon lotor ; Fischer in 

 Phoca monachus ; and Schilling in Phocafcetida. Of the terrestrial 

 mammalia inhabiting inland situations, only man harbours 

 Bothriocephali. 



