ECHINOCOCCUS SCOLICIPARIENS. 203 



vidual immunity of the animal experimented on, or perhaps 

 of too violent a reaction shortly after the immigration of the 

 embryo. (See Appendix.) 



Therapeutics. — The indications are those which have already 

 been frequently mentioned. 



1. Prophylaxis. — We have seen that the mature Taenia be- 

 longing to this species occurs in the intestine of the dog, or 

 perhaps, more correctly, in those of the species of the genus 

 Cards. We can easily understand how dogs, especially shep- 

 herds' and butchers' dogs, and perhaps also wolves and foxes, 

 where the latter, as in Iceland, feed upon sheep, may get at this 

 Taenia. In districts where the breeding of sheep, cattle, and 

 swine flourishes, the above-mentioned species of dogs, and espe- 

 cially the shepherds' and butchers' dogs, have plenty of oppor- 

 tunities of devouring vesicles of this species of Echinococcus, and 

 it is consequently not difficult to make conjectures as to the 

 entrance of the eggs and six-hooked embryos into the human 

 body, which can only be the same as those which we have pro- 

 pounded regarding the production of Cysticercus tenuicollis, and 

 which must have acquired a very high degree of probability from 

 the experiments of Professor Haubner and myself. 



The first prophylactic injunction must consequently be directed 

 against the scolex occurring in the above-mentioned animals, — the 

 Echinococcus scolicipariens of the domestic animals. According 

 to our observations and experiments, butchers and shepherds 

 who slaughter for themselves, or horse-slaughterers, should 

 not be allowed to throw the cvstic worms, or what is more 

 intelligible to such people, bladders} which occur in the livers 

 and other organs of the above-mentioned domestic animals, to 

 dogs as food. We must endeavour to show the people what 

 injustice they do in this manner, as unintentionally, and without 

 knowing anything about it, they may become the cause (certainly 

 remote) of one of their fellow-men becoming infected with an 

 Echinococcus-xesicle, because by this administration they produce 

 the Taenia Echinococcus constantly in fresh quantities, and thus 

 favour the passage of the eggs and embryos of this Tarda into 



1 It will be the best plan with people of this kind to frame the ordinance in the above 

 universal fashion. The man of science will certainly understand the difference, and 

 here it requires the special limitation. But what does it signify if a vesicle is thus 

 indicated as suspicious to the laity, which, in reality, may be regarded as innocent ? 



