ECHINOCOCCUS ALTRICIPAKIENS. 213 



phosphate of lime, and an intimately intermixed organic sub- 

 stance. 



The scolices produced in such a daughter-vesicle had the usual 

 form. The calcareous corpuscles measured 0*008 — 0016 millim., 

 were very dissimilar in form and colour, and exactly resembled the 

 structures just described in the walls of the mother-vesicles. On 

 the addition of sulphuric acid, crystals of sulphate of lime were 

 formed, but there was decidedly no evolution of carbonic acid. No 

 fibrous structure could be detected in the larger vesicles. Some- 

 times individual vesicles were soldered together, their walls were 

 in conjunction and could not be separated by pressure; others 

 communicated by an opening, which was generally narrow, pro- 

 ducing all sorts of remarkable forms (elongated series of vesicles; 

 a disorderly heaping together, with a communication of many or 

 all of the vesicles with each other; a large vesicle with apparent 

 or real excrescences, or a combination of small vesicles with a 

 large one, from without ; perhaps, a constriction of the large 

 vesicle in particular cases.) The walls of this Echinococcus- 

 vesicle (that is, the so-called colloid-mass) were insoluble in 

 cold and boiling water, in alcohol, ether, and acetic and phos- 

 phoric acids; they acquired a yellow colour with nitric acid, 

 and dissolved in hot acid with a straw-vellow colour, which 

 was quickly rendered orange yellow by ammonia or potash ; they 

 dissolved in muriatic acid with a gentle heat, forming a dark 

 brown fluid with a tinge of violet ; with concentrated sulphuric 

 acid they formed a dark brownish-red fluid, and dissolved readily in 

 potash to a clear, colourless fluid, which remained unchanged after 

 the addition of acid ; with Millon's test (pernitrate of mercury, 

 with protoxide and nitrous acid), they acquired, like white of egg, 

 an intense red colour, even in the cold. In an alkaline solution, 

 neutralized by acetic acid, tannin produced a slight precipitate, 

 acetate of lead no precipitate. The latter produced a turbidity in 

 the solution in nitric acid, which was again soluble in an excess of 

 acid ; ferrocyanide of potassium gave no precipitate. Tilanus 

 and Schraut assert the identity of the colloid-mass with mucus 

 (Schleimstoff). At all events these bodies are very similar. 



Virchow admits that he has scarcely anything to add to the 

 description given by Buhl and Zeller, especially the latter. On 

 the surface of the liver, thick, necklace-like, white cords were 

 seen running, like roots, for a certain distance. On making 

 a section through a callous wall of 8 — 10 millim. in thickness, a 



