378 ANIMAL PARASITES. 



at the ordinary temperature of a room. It is therefore by no 

 means improbable that coagula of the size figured by Bremser 

 might certainly keep, and retain their elasticity for forty-eight 

 hours in warm water, so that I regard this case also as one of 

 B right's disease, associated with an abundant effusion of fibriue. 

 Bremser regards the following cases as undoubtedly true. 



1. That of the Archduke Ernest of Austria, who died in 1595, 

 as governor of the Netherlands, and in whose kidneys Hugo 

 Grotius found a stone and a still living worm, which had gnawed 

 the neighbouring parts, i. e., had eaten into them. 



2. The case of Ruysch, who was already acquainted with this 

 worm in dogs. 



3. The case of Blasius, who once found two of the "red 

 worms, which often occur in dogs/' of the length of an ell, in the 

 kidneys of an old man. 



4. The case of Albrecht, who saw a soldier, after seven days' 

 retention of urine, pass a worm of three fingers long and of the 

 thickness of a quill through the urethra, with immediate relief. 



5. The case of Ptaisin, in which a worm of three inches long 

 passed from a man of fifty years old, after two years of renal 

 colic with bloody urine, when a cure took place (a case which 

 does not appear to me to belong to Strongylus gigas, on account 

 of the small size of the worm, as even males of two years old are 

 usually larger). 



6. The similar case of Duchateau. 



7. The case of llhodius, who saw a round living worm of a 

 span long passed with the urine, without any previous or subse- 

 quent urinary disorder, from a man prostrated by a violent fever, 

 on the fifth day of illness (a case which also appears suspicious 

 to me, as an Ascaris lumbricoides may have been in question here, 

 which had voluntarily wandered out of the anus, and might have 

 fallen accidentally together with the urine into the nightstool or 

 chamberpot, whilst these were being used for making water). 



8 — 12. The cases of Chapotaiu, Monceau, Holler, Renner, 

 and Scheuk, in which worms were evacuated with the urine. 



13 perhaps. The case of Hahne, in which a specimen occurred 

 in the thoracic cavity. And — 



14. One of the most certain cases, that of Monblet. A boy 

 who had been freed from a calculus in the bladder, in his third 

 year, by Monblet, was attacked in his tenth year by a violently 

 painful swelling in the region of the loins, with scanty secretion 



