4.20 ANIMAL PAKASITES. 



above or below it. In experiments performed in the summer, 

 the ordinary temperature is sufficient, if the mixture be exchanged 

 for one of fresh white of egg, before putridity occurs. In winter 

 it is best to use the ordinary stove-heat, which does not exceed 

 blood-heat. In this way I have tested a great number of the 

 vermifuges of the schools, and have arrived at the following 

 results : 



1 . In fresh white of egg, changed at least once a day, the most 

 different entozoa, when taken from healthy, freshly killed animals, 

 lived for days. 



2. In normal saliva, I have seen Oxyuris vermicularis live 

 more than a day, it being understood that the worm was pre- 

 vented from drying by constant fresh additions of saliva. 



3. Even in water round-worms can live a day or two, but then- 

 vital manifestations are so weak and sluggish, in consequence of 

 mechanical turgescence, that they can only be detected by the 

 aid of electricity, one of the finest tests of the presence of life in 

 these worms. 



4. Whey behaves exactly like water ; 



5. Milk developes conditions analogous to the latter somewhat 

 less rapidly. 



To have as serviceable a menstruum as possible therefore for 

 the experiments above indicated, employ white of egg or saliva. 



According to my experiments up to this time, the following 

 table may be arranged, as to the time in which round-worms died 

 in white of egg, mixed with the various remedies. 



1. Death took place in 1 — 2 hours in white of egg mixed with 

 creosote, and large doses of common salt and corrosive sub- 

 limate. 



2. Death took place in 2 — 5 hours in white of egg mixed with 

 petroleum, cajeput oil, oil of turpentine, mustard, weaker solu- 

 tions of common salt and washed herring's milt. 



3. Death took place in 5 — 15 hours in white of egg mixed 

 with garlic, onions, laurel, cloves, wood vinegar, Rad. punic. 

 granat., Tinct. gallarum, sulphate of soda (concentrated solution). 



4. Death took place in 15 — 24 hours in white of egg mixed 

 with camphor, anise, and infusions or decoctions of ginger, 

 gentian, elm-bark, kousso, and hops. 



5. Death took place after 24 hours in white of egg mixed 

 with infusion or decoction of parsley, rue, milfoil, tansy, valerian, 

 chamomile, wormwood, myrrh, quassia, oranges, calamus, ipeca- 



