70 IXSKCTICIDES, FUNGICIDES, AND WKKD KII.LKKS. 



numerous holes, in the month of July, of 10 centimetres (4 inches) 

 in depth, around the cherr}' trees and to run in a little carbon disul- 

 phide, to stop them afterwards, and water the soil. The soil under 

 the tree may also be watered with a solution containing 1 part in 

 1000 of carbon disulphide. 



Vespa vnlijaris (common wasp), Vesjya craho. — To destroy these 

 hymenoptera 20 grammes, say | oz. by weight, of carbon disulphide 

 is run into their nest during the night, and the orifice plugged. 



Agrotis segetum, W. V. (common dart moth). — The grub of this 

 moth is known as the grey worm. Coste-Floret has observed that 

 the French vine, which regularly undergoes antiphylloxeric treat- 

 ment, does not suffer from grey worm, whilst American vines, which 

 are not treated with carbon disulphide, suffer much. The grubs of 

 the following insects may also be combated by carbon disulphide, 

 using the same process : — 



Agrotis exclamation is (hart and dart moth), Agrotis Tritici, Agrotis 

 Bavida, W. V., Agrotis nigricans, L., and Agrotis corticea, all injurious 

 to crops. Agrotis vestigialis, Hfu., injurious to pines and larches. 

 Hespialis Humuli, L. (the otter moth), the larvae of which gnaws the 

 large roots of the hop from the month of August to the month of April. 



Cossus ligniferda, L. (goat moth). — Taschenberg recommends to 

 make injections of carbon disulphide in the burrows as soon as the 

 grub appears, and to close the orifices with mastic ; the grub is 

 asphyxiated without injuring the tree. Trees attacked interiorly by 

 the grub of the following butterflies may be treated similarly : — 



Zeuzera Msculi (leopard moth of chestnut), Sesia apiformis, L., 

 Hornet (wood leopard moth). 



Amongst the Microlejjidojytera which may be combated by carbon 

 disulphide, those injurious to stored grain may be quoted, such as : — 



Sitotraga Cereallela, A. (grain alucite) ; Tijiea granella (grain 

 mite) ; Asopia farinalis (flour mite). — They are destroyed like the 

 wheat weevil. 



Cemiostoma Scitella, Zell. — Sirodot recommends to combat this 

 grub and exterminate the butterfly to hook on to the tree a flask 

 containing carbon disulphide. All the Lepidoptera, of which the larvu) 

 are minute, may be destroyed in the same way, such as ElacJiista, 

 Nepticula, Incurvaria, Coleop)hora, Cosmopterix, Gracilaria, etc. 



Plant Lice. — According to a report of the Minister of Agriculture 

 of the United States, published in 1895, all root lice, of which the 

 phylloxera is the best known, may be destroyed by carbon disulphide 

 injected into the soil, around the infected plant. x\mongst these lice, 

 which live on roots, the following are the most important : Phylloxera, 

 Fonsc. ; Schizonenra, Hart.; Pemjihigus, Hart.; Tycltea, Koch.; 

 Trama, Heyd. ; B)ii>obius, Burm. These lice, which, for the most 

 part, do not live exclusively on the roots, become especially injurious 

 because they wither the latter up by their perpetual suction, and s© 

 kill the tree. 



Phylloxera vastatrix (phylloxera of the vine).— To destroy the 

 phylloxera, either aerial or underground disinfection is used. The 

 aerial disinfection of the winter egg of the phylloxera, under the form 



