CAEBON BISULPHIDE. 77 



resist a sulphuretted atmosphere. By destroying the cochineal the 

 fumagine (smut of fruit trees) is arrested. 



Coccus Vitis, L., syn. Pulvinaria Vitis (red cochineal of the vine) ; 

 Dactylojnus Vitis (white cochineal of the vine). — Targioni-Tozzetti and 

 Pastre recommend carbon disulphide emulsions. 



Diaspis pentagona, Targ.-Tozz. (mulberry kermes). — Franceschini 

 recommends for the disinfection of buds to place the branches before 

 detaching them from the tree in an atmosphere of carbon disulphide. 

 With this end in view, the end of the branch is placed in a tight 

 cylinder, where it is left some hours in contact with a toxic atmo- 

 sphere. This treatment whilst disinfecting the buds is not injurious 

 to them. 



Orange scale insects : (1) Aspidiotus Limoni, Sign ; (2) Mytilasjns 

 flavescens, Targ.-Tozz. ; (3) Ghrysomphalus minor. — The first, especially 

 injurious, in Italy induces the fumagine, the last two, imported from 

 America, dot the organs attacked with small yellow spots. Hoffmann 

 recommends spraying with carbon disulphide emulsions, containing 

 2 per cent of soap and 2 per cent of sulphide. Belle advises the 

 destruction of these parasites in greenhouses and pot plants by 

 covering the latter with an awning, and producing a sulphuretted 

 atmosphere, 120 grammes of sulphide suflBcing per cubic metre. 



'Mammals. — The rodents which cause damage, such as the mouse, 

 field mouse, ground squirrel, rat, and even the mole, may be destroyed 

 by pouring carbon disulphide into their burrows and stopping the 

 orifices of their nests. It takes 20 grammes (say | oz.) for the Mus 

 sylvaticus, L., Borghi ; 10 grammes (say \ oz.) for the ground squirrel 

 {Spermophilus citillus, Bajor) ; for rats 60 grammes (say 2 oz.) are 

 necessary. The most radical method consists in steeping rags in 

 carbon disulphide and in inserting them deeply into their holes, which 

 are afterwards plugged with plaster, mortar, or a plug of hay coated 

 with potters' clay. 



