258 INSECTICIDES, FUNGICIDES, AND WEED KILLERS. 



concentrated houillie. Sorauer and Stoll also found excellent results 

 from bouillie bordelaise used before the opening of the leaves. 



CvUctotrichnm Lindemuthianum, Br. and C. (anthracnose of the 

 haricot and scarlet runner). — Beach overcame this disease preventively 

 before sowing by steeping the haricot beans in bouillie bordelaise, and 

 afterwards spraying the plant with a weak bouillie of 0"8 per cent of 

 blue vitriol and 0*5 per cent of lime. The first spraying was done 

 before flowering, and the succeeding ones at fifteen days' interval, 

 avoiding, however, spraying on the flowers, as the fructification would 

 be hindered by the bouillie. 



Golletotrichum oligochcetiim, Cav. {Nuile or anthracnose of the 

 melon). — Sprayings with bouillie bordelaise produce no effect if used 

 curatively (Prillieux) ; on the other hand, by their preventive use 

 Selby and Halsted obtained excellent results. 



Cercosi)ora Apii, Fr. (celery leaf spots). — This disease causes much 

 damage in America, and methods of defence against it have been 

 studied in that country. Halsted advises bouillie bordelaise, Duggar 

 and Bailey bouillie bourguignonne. 



Cercospora Beticola, Sacc. (beet leaf spots). — Halsted recommends 

 spraying with bouillie bordelaise. 



Cercospora BesedcB (mignonette leaf spots). — Fairchild advises a 

 preventive treatment, consisting of three sprayings with a bouillie of 

 3-25 per cent of blue vitriol and 2 per cent of lime. 



Cladospormm fulv'um, Cooke (tomato leaf rust). — Curative treat- 

 ment by cupric preparations is inefficient. On the other hand, a pre- 

 ventive treatment removes the disease. The evolution of the disease 

 is slow. Spraying must be done early on the absolutely healthy plant 

 (Galloway), and fresh spraying done every week (Rolfs). Selby, 

 Halsted, Nijpels, and Earle point out the good effects of preventive 

 treatment with bouillie bordelaise. 



Cladospormm Cucumerinum, Ell. and Art. — Frank did not obtain 

 favourable results with cupric preparations, because the spores of this 

 fungus have a great resistance to copper salts. Selby, on the contrary, 

 was quite successful. 



Cladosjjorium Carpophilum, Thiim. (spots of the cherry, plum 

 scab). — Selby advises bouillie bordelaise to overcome it like Fusi- 

 ■cladium. 



Cycloconium Oleaginum, Castagne (olive leaf spots). — At the Agri- 

 'cultural Institute of Pisa 200 olive-trees were successfully treated against 

 this disease with a 0-5 per cent bouillie, used four times in July, then 

 in September, October, and November. The olive-trees so treated pre- 

 served their leaves intact, whilst the untreated had suffered much 

 from the parasite. Vennuccini advises two preventive treatments, 

 the first with a 1 per cent bouillie in winter, the second with a 0-5 per 

 cent bouillie in spring. Brizi confirms the good results got by this 

 treatment. 



Hcterosporium echimdatum, Cooke (fairy ring of carnations). — 

 Selby overcomes this disease by bouillie bordelaise. 



Lophodermium Pinastri, Chev. (pine leaf cast, fall of the needles 

 of the pine). — In 1888 Bartet and Vuillemin found in bouillie horde- 



