EAU CELESTE. 267 



TABLE LII. — Shoiving Composition of Gallotvay's Eau Celeste. 



Blue vitriol 3 lb. 



Soda crystals 3 „ 



Ammonia 2i „ 



Water 100 gals. 



Galloway's bouillie applied in six sprayings in fine weather, in eight 

 sprayings at fifteen days' interval in bad weather, was still more active. 



TABLE LIII. — Showing the Percentage of SotiTid Grapes on Untreated Vines, 

 and on Vines Treated by Eau Celeste made by Two Different Formulce. 



Percentage of 

 Sound Grap)es. 



Untreated vines B8-3 



Vines treated by eau celeste, formula I . . . . 91-32 



„ II. . . . 98-06 



Gloe sporium frutigenum, Berk, (bitter rot of apples). — Goff and 

 Nijpels state that three sprayings with eau celeste is a sufficient 

 protection for apples. 



Fusicladmni dentricum, Fuckel (apple scab). — Galloway and Goff 

 caused this disease to disappear entirely with four sprayings of eau 

 celeste containing 45 grammes of copper carbonate dissolved in 

 ammonia per 100 litres of water [45 parts by weight in 100,000 

 parts by measure]. It is necessary to make the first spraying before 

 blossoming, the second immediately after blossoming, and the two 

 last at fifteen days' interval. 



Fusicladiiim pirinum, Fuckel (pear scab). — These are overcome in 

 the same way (Mohr). 



Entomo sporium maculatum, Lev. (leaf scald of the pear-tree). — 

 This disease may be removed by spraying with an eait celeste modifiee 

 containing copper carbonate 1 lb., ammonia 26° B. ^ lb., water 100 

 gallons. To prevent burning the leaves an excess of ammonia must 

 be avoided. Pammel recommends as many as eight sprayings, 8, 20, 

 and 27 June, 9, 11, 18 and 21 July, and the last 1 August. 



Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum, Br. and C. (anthracnosis of the 

 haricot, etc.). — According to Halsted, modified eau celeste acts better 

 than bouillie bordelaise against this disease. In Canada a peculiar 

 system of disinfecting seed haricot beans is used. It is an eau celeste 

 containing about 1 per cent copper carbonate dissolved in the neces- 

 sary amount of ammonia. The results obtained by one hour's disin- 

 fection are as follows : — 



TABLE LIV. — Sliowir.g the Result of Disinfecting Haricot Bean Seed with 

 Eau Celeste. 



Percentage of Healthy Pods, 

 Plants Reared. Per Cent. 



Disinfected haricots .... 73 79 



Untreated „ . . . . 84 43 



Cercospora circinncissa, Sacc. (" shothole fungus," spots of the leaf 

 of the plum-tree and almond-tree). — Galloway reports that an eau 

 celeste containing 1*42 lb. of copper carbonate dissolved in 204 gallons 

 of water and the necessary ammonia may be used against disease of 

 the peach and almond trees, because it scarcely burns the leaves. To 



