^68 INSECTICIDES, FUNGICIDES, AND WEED KILLERS. 



overcome the Cercospora a first treatment is given as soon as the leaves 

 appear, the second ten days later, and a third at fifteen daj^s' interval. 

 Pierce thus obtained 80-98 per cent of healthy leaves against 2-8 per 

 cent on the untreated. 



— ^Cercospora aimdata, Wint. (spots of the leaves of the gooseberry). 

 — Pammel got good results by seven sprayings made between 6 June 

 and 15 August. 



Septoria Buhi, West, (spots of the leaf of the bramble and rasp- 

 berry bushes). — Whilst the raspberry is sensitive to the action of eau 

 celeste, good results are obtained if it is used to combat the Septoria 

 of the bramble. Goff obtained the following results :— 



TABLE LV. — Showmg the Effect of Spraying Bramble Bushes with Eau 

 Celeste. 



Cladiosporium fulvzwi, Cooke (tomato leaf rust). — Jenkins and 

 Britton found that modified eau celeste had no good effect, whilst 

 bouillie bordelaise entirely removed this disease. 



Lemon Warts. — Swingle and Weber advise modified eau celeste to 

 prevent lemon warts. For this purpose they advise the first treatment 

 after the fall of the petals, the second two or three weeks later, the 

 third after the fall of the last flowers, and the fourth when the fruits 

 are the size of a pea. In moist weather favourable to the extension 

 of the disease, it is necessary to multiply the treatments. 



93. Phosphate of Copper, CuHPO^. — Preparation. — By adding 

 a solution of phosphate of soda to a solution of blue vitriol. 



Use. — Fairchild prepared a bouillie by precipitating 4 lb. of blue 

 vitriol by 7 lb. of phosphate of soda, and made the bulk up to 100 

 gallons. This preparation whilst having the properties of bouillie 

 bordelaise, covered the leaves better than that preparation. In the 

 treatment of Entomosporium maculatum. Lev. (leaf scald of the pear- 

 tree), the bouillie gave good results ; it did not seem to damage the 

 leaves. The results obtained by Galloway against the rusts of oats 

 and wheat were not remarkable. The plots treated 6, 16, and 20 

 June, as well as July, showed no rust, but the yield in grain was only 

 83 per cent of the usual yield. 



94. Borate of Copper, CuB^O-. — Preparation. — By adding a 

 solution of 50 grammes of borax to a solution of 25 grammes of blue 

 vitriol. 



Use. — Copper borate has been recommended by Lodemanu; as an 

 antiseptic, and anticryptogamic preparation with the properties of 

 copper salts and of borax. Fairchild used it in a bouillie of 4 lb. of 

 blue vitriol and 4-3 lb. of borax in 100 gallons of water to destroy 

 Entomosjjorium maculatum (spots of the leaves of the pear-tree). This 



