304 INSECTICIDES, FUNGICIDES, AND WEED KILLERS, 



Hyponovmda malinella, Zell. (small ermine apple moth). — Schoyen 

 advises a 10 per cent emulsion against the cateri)illars of this tinea. 

 The results are grand. At that strength the emulsion even kills the 

 chyrsalides. The action of petroleum can be localized on the nests 

 bv ap})lying with a brush a 12 per cent emulsion in the evening when 

 ail the caterpillars have re-entered the nest. 



Use against Hemiptera. — The phytophagus bugs are destroyed 

 by petroleum emulsions. 



Eurydema ornatmn [Pentatoma ornata), Eurydema oleraceum 

 {Pentatoma oleracea). — To kill this bug it takes strong (6-10 per cent) 

 emulsions of petroleum ; generally they injure the plants as much as 

 the bugs. To obtain a perfect result Wood advises to operate thus : 

 Intercalate in the crops affected by these insects the plants preferred by 

 them, on which they are not long in installing themselves in mass. 

 On these they are destroyed with strong emulsions, which kills them 

 at the same time as the bait plants. In this way, between the row^s of 

 potatoes, mustard radishes or other crucifers are planted. 



Lygus pratensis (meadow bug). — May be destroyed by a 15 per 

 cent petroleum emulsion. 



Halticus Uheleri (Giard). — Petroleiim emulsions destroy it 

 (Chittenden). 



Oxycarenus hyalinipennis, Costa (cotton bug). — Marshal destroys 

 it with petroleum emulsions. 



Tingis Piri (tiger beetle of the pear). — These are killed by spray- 

 ing under the leaves principally an emulsion containing 1 per cent of 

 soft soap, 1 per cent of petroleum, and 1 per cent of carbonate of soda. 

 According to Debray, the winter treatment of fruit trees with 12-25 

 per cent emulsions destroys these injurious insects in their winter 

 refuges. 



Use against Homoptera. — The CicadelUdes, small grasshoppers, 

 a few millimetres in length, are often injurious to crops. Petroleum 

 emulsion kills them effectually. 



Jassus sexnotatus. Fall, (grain grasshopper). — Sorauer has used 

 with success a milk emulsion of petroleum consisting of 2 parts of 

 petroleum and 1 part of milk, diluted with twenty times its weight of 

 water. Used against the grain grasshopper it is more active than 

 lysol and Nessler's liquor. 



Typhocyha Solaiii, Kll. (potato grasshopper). — Von Schilling re- 

 commends the use of soapy emulsions of petroleum to destroy this 

 grasshopper. It is, however, well to use a strong emulsion, and wash 

 the plant afterwards by spraying with water, as soon as the petroleum 

 has acted on the grasshoppers. 



Penthivia atra (grasshopper of the vine). — Marlatt found that a 

 6 per cent emulsion kills this grasshopper. The vine only supporting 

 a 2-5 per cent emulsion, the treatment should be followed immediately 

 by washing the stocks treated with a spray of pure water. The psyllas 

 or leaf lice are closely related to the aphis ; they also are injurious to 

 trees. They are killed by petroleum emulsions. 



Psylla Pyri, L. (the pear chermes). — The larvye are very sensitive 

 to petroleum emulsions and may be destroyed, whilst the adults are 



