NAPHTHALENE. 345 



gamic preparations, such as Crouzel's anticryptogamic, Schloesing's 

 nicotined precipitated sulphur, to which they impart the special pro- 

 perties of removing insects whilst overcoming cryptogamic diseases. 



Silpha opaca, L. (beet carrion beetle). — Dust the young plants 

 with naphthalene to protect them against that insect. 



Melolontha vulgaris (cockchafer). — To get rid of the white-worm, 

 De la Blanch^re advises to water the soil with water which has been 

 kept over naphthalene. Marsaux advises to bury per acre with the 

 plough 2 cwt. of naphthalene mixed with an equal weight of sand. 

 Finot advises in the culture of strawberries to spread three handfuls 

 of naphthalene per 10 square metres or to dust the dung with it before 

 ploughing it in. Audoiu recommends the preventive use of naphtha- 

 lene to drive off the female cockchafers in quest of a light soil in which 

 to lay their eggs, to sow per acre in April of the cockchafer years 352 

 lb. of naphthalene per acre, mixed with three times its weight of sand. 

 This method d'ives off at the same time the females of Vesperics 

 Xatarti in vineyards. 



Agriotes linearis (striped wire-worm). — When the soil is infested 

 with the wire-worm larvae of this insect they are ijot rid off, according 

 to Targioni-Tozzetti, by naphthalene buried in the soil. The action 

 of naphthalene does not last long, and the operation must be frequently 

 renewed. 



Helops lanipes, injurious to the same extent as Oj)atrum sabulosuyn. 

 Chapot records excellent results, obtained in driving off these insects, 

 by the use of 15-20 grammes (say i-f oz.) per stock, mixed with the 

 soil around the latter. 



Colaspideinumatrum, 01. (Negril).—Crouzel recommends to spread 

 by hand, after the last colds of winter and before the lucerne shoots 

 up, a finely pulverized mixture of 20 parts of naphthalene and 

 80 parts of plaster or very dry ashes. A fresh application is given 

 immediately after the first crop is cut so that only the roots of the 

 plant and the soil are impregnated. The smell and taste of naphtha- 

 lene are thus not imparted to the fodder. 



Otiorhynchus hirticornis. — Taschenberg reports that coating the 

 vine with Balbiani's ointment prevented it being visited by this insect. 



Atomaria linearis, Steph. — To drive oft' these destroyers of young 

 beets Mohr advises to spread on the soil, by means of a bellows, a 

 mixture of 10-15 per cent naphthalene and 85-90 per cent of lime in 

 powder passed through a sieve. 



Calandria fjranaria (wheat weevil). — To remove weevils from 

 wheat seed it suffices to mix it with a little naphthalene. 



Crioceris asparagi, L. (asparagus beetle). — A mixture of 15 per cent 

 naphthalene and 85 per cent of lime in powder kills the larvae and 

 keeps off laying females. 



Halticinecd (altises, earth lice, plant lice). — Thiel and Reichenbach 

 have shown that naphthalene does not kill altises, but stupefies them 

 and drives them away from a crop ; moreover, it is much used for that 

 purpose. Mohr advises a mixture of 15 parts of naphthalene and 

 85 parts of lime spread on the fields when the young plants 

 shoot up. The effect is felt in twelve hours, but it does not last long, 



