NAPHTHALENE. 347 



of naphthalene in 8 parts of benzene or alcohol (siy 1 lb. to gallon) 

 are used in summer to destroy the woolly aphis. The nodosities are 

 coated with the brush. Better results are got with a solution of 5 lb. 

 of naphthalene in 10 gallons of burning oil. The asphyxiating action 

 of this oil makes itself felt at the same time as the insecticidal action 

 of naphthalene. Guozdenovic destroys the woolly aphis by a mixture 

 of tobacco extract 15 lb., soft soap 10 lb., naphthalene 4 lb., in 100 

 gallons of water, to be used by spraying on the colonies. 



PJii/lluxera rastatri.r, Planch, (phylloxera of the vine). — Mouillefert 

 found that naphthalene had no action on this louse. Trials made on 

 the large scale by placing naphthalene in proximity to the contamin- 

 ated roots gave negative results ; however, a German patent advises to 

 destroy this louse to drench peat with naphthalene carbon disulphide 

 or tar, and to bury it near the infected stocks. If it is asserted that 

 naphthalene cannot destroy the perfect insect on the roots, it has been 

 shown that Balbiani's ointment (mixture of naphthalene tar and lime) 

 destroys the winter egg, laid on the aerial part of the plant. The 

 treatment is recommended, both to obtain immunity from the phyllo- 

 xera in non-infected districts, and as an aid to the underground 

 treatment of insects. Henneguy, who is a zealous advoc ite of this 

 process, declares that the coating applied preventively on non-infected 

 vines suffices to preserve them from phylloxeric invasion. Coating is 

 done by a painter's brush or by a whitewash brush. The whole wood 

 of the stem is coated all over the surface of the stock, taking no notice 

 of buds and cut sections. The work is done preferably after the prun- 

 ing of the vine during the whole winter. The best time, however, is 

 the month of February, when the egg's time is up and the louse is 

 hatched. As there are always some winter eggs which escape this 

 treatment, the process is not efficient and useful, unless used concur- 

 rently with treatment underground by carbon disulphide. 



Coccides (cochineals, kermes). — To destroy the cochineal of the 

 vine, scraping and barking play a great part. They are crowned with 

 success if this mechanical treatment be followed by coating with Bal- 

 biani's ointment, the insecticide action of which has been shown by 

 Couanon. It is especially energetic at the time the larvae are hatched. 

 Guozdenovic obtained at the Experimental Station of Spalato in Austria, 

 good results against coccides by spraying with an emulsion consisting 

 of tobacco extract 5 lb., soft soap 2^ lb., finely pulverized naphthalene 

 Jjj lb., in 50 gallons of water. 



Phytoptus Piri (gall mite of the pear-tree). — Erinose of the pear- 

 tree may be overcome after decortication by coating the trunk and the 

 branches with Balbiani's mixture. 



Tetranyclius telarliis (red spider). — Viala and Valery Mayet have 

 recommended the decortication of the stocks followed by coating with 

 Balbiani's mixture. 



