CAEBOLIC ACID. 357 



mends against this insect spraying with a solution of soft soap 5 lb., 

 carbolic acid 5 lb., in 100 gallons of water. 



Tomicus dispar, Fbr. ("apple bark beetle," "shot-borer,'' "pear 

 blight "J. — In Canada this insect is prevented from laying its eggs on 

 the trunk of fruit trees by spraying on the trunks in spring a dilute 

 solution of carbolic acid. 



HalticinecB (altises). — To protect young kitchen garden plants 

 against the attacks of altises, spraying with very dilute carbolic acid is 

 recommended. 



Atoinaria linearis, Steph. — To drive off this insect from young beet 

 plants, it suffices to disinfect the seeds as indicated on p. 345. 



Eurydema ornatum, L. (decorated bug).^ — The red cabbage bug is 

 overcome by dusting the leaves with sawdust steeped in carbolic 

 acid. 



Cossus lignijjerda (the goat-moth). — Inject carbolic acid into the 

 tunnels and stop the orifices. 



Hyponomeuta maUnella, Zell. (small ermine moth of apple-tree). — 

 In Italy 2 per cent tobacco juice, strengthened by a little carbolic acid, 

 is used to destroy the caterpillar of this butterfly. 



Plusia gamma, L. {gamma moth of the cabbage). — Ashmead 

 advises to dust the cabbage for two to three days with a mixture of 

 phosphate of lime 20 lb., powdered lime 3 lb., carbolized sawdust 1 lb. 



Schizoneura lanigera, Hausm. (woolly aphis). — Muhlberg found 

 that carbolic acid in this form, carbolic acid 4 lb., silicate of soda 100 

 lb., a mixture yielding an adherent jelly, kills the woolly aphis. 



Chermes jjicece and Mindarius abietinus (cochineals of the spruce). 

 — Boas got appreciable results by spraying with a solution containing 

 1-2 per cent of carbolic acid or 3-5 per cent of lysol. 



Phylloxera rastatrix, Planch, (phylloxera of the vine). — Mouillefert 

 declares that the phylloxera is killed by carbolic acid vapours although 

 slowly and by contact. But carbolic acid is powerless to overcome the 

 phylloxera on the large scale. All the methods tried to attain this 

 end have failed ; the C^uehen-Mallet process, with a 0'2 per cent solu- 

 tion of carbolic acid ; the Leonhardt process, using strong carbolic acid, 

 laid in holes pierced around the stocks, and the Anatole process, spraying 

 the soil round the stocks with an emulsion of petroleum and carbolic 

 acid, have all been failures. Dr. Manchon tried an original process 

 to poison the sap by making injections of dilute carbolic acid. Theo- 

 retically it could be granted that the descending sap carries the carbolic 

 acid to the roots and kills the phylloxera. Henneguy shows that it is not 

 so, as the phylloxera was not killed and the plant perished. A liquid, 

 whether poisonous or not, absorbed by the sap may circulate with it 

 and reach all the organs of the plant ; but there are products which 

 may be transformed by the sap itself, and consequently the insecticidal 

 action is not felt in spots distant from the point where they were in- 

 jected into the plant. 



Lvnithri2)s tritici (onion thrips). — Webster found that a 1 per cent 

 solution of phenol destroyed this thrips. 



Tingis piri, Fl. (tiger of the pear-tree). — Dubreuil indicates dilute 

 carbolic acid as efficient against this parasite. 



