GLOSSARY. 



Abuaxas grossulakiata, Leach. I'lud- 

 nm i/m.i.sii/ariatu, L. Cominou uames : 

 Englisli, the magpie moth ; French, Ark- 

 (juiii, /'haleiif, or Zerene du (JroseiUier. — 

 White and yellow caterpiU-ir, with some 

 black spots, which after the end of summer 

 ravages goosebeiry bushes as well as currant 

 bushes, apricot-trees, and plum-trees. 



AcARi or Mites. I'lmit lice. — The acari 

 much resemble small minute spiders, difier- 

 ing, however, by their inarticulated body. 

 They are usually oviparous or ovoviviparous. 

 The larvae differ essentially from the adults 

 by their exterior conformation ; they want 

 principally a pair of legs ; they reach the 

 perfect state after several evolutions. Acari 

 produce proliferations of the tissues : galls, 

 felting, swellings, brown rust, changes in 

 colour ; leaves become yellow, red, or brown. 

 The most injurious acari are the I'lcytuptus 

 and the Tetranyclucs. 



ACAUUS OF THE GOOSKBERRY. Briobiu 



liibis. — Degeneration of the buds, leaves, and 

 shouts ; stunted and clustered. 



ACAKUS TELAEIDS, L. Red spider. — See 

 Tetraiiychus telarius ; French, Tetranyque 

 tisserand. 



ACKIDIDES. Locusts. — Dangerous insects, 

 invading Algeria, Tunis, and even the South 

 of France. The best known are the Morocco 

 locust, the pilgrim or travelling locust, the 

 Italian locusts. See Locufts. 



AcROSTALAGMOs ALBUS. — Fungus which 

 covers with a white thick down farmyard 

 dung fermented at too great a heat. It may 

 become injurious to young cultivated plants. 



AD0.\US VITIS. ~ K)iiiin//i/nis ri/is^ F. 



French common names : A'";//"//,//,-, (iillimiri, 

 Ecrlrain, lierdi,,, hi,il,l„ln, , V,,i,l,i nunir, 

 Ii£te d aife. — Chrysomelidc .'> niillimclres in 

 length, elytron (wing shell), maroon red, cor- 

 selet and head, black. Insect as injurious to 

 the aerial part of the vine as to its roots. 

 The larvae natch about mid- June and pass 

 the winter following in the subsoil where 

 they feed on the vine roots. In spring they 

 turn into grubs. The perfect insect hatches 

 in the month of April or May. It first at- 

 tacks the leaves, drawing straight and angu- 

 lar furrows ; then the grapes, on which it 

 makes grooves, which hinders the develop- 

 ment of the grape and prevents it from 

 ripening. The larva of the O'ribuuri may kill 

 the stem, and the perfect insect seriously 

 damage the crop. 



Aegeria tipoliformis. SjMnx tijmli- 

 /i/nnis, Trochilium tipuliformis. — The cur- 

 rant sphynx moth. See Sesia apiformis. 



(383) 



AgaRICOS. — Mushroom. 



Agrilus Sinuatcjs, Viridis or PiKI. 

 French common names : A(jrile du Pcdrier, 

 Bnpreste Vert (green burn-cow). — Insect 

 1 centimetre long, 2 millimetres wide. Its 

 colour is copper green. Common insect, 

 which attacks a large number of forest and 

 fruit trees, chierty oak, beeches, and pear- 

 trees. The larvae burrow in the wood and 

 bark, then towards the second year of its 

 evolution it pierces a hole in the wood, where 

 it becomes a grub. The insect hatches at 

 the end of June and lays its eggs in the bark 

 of the tree. The latter suffer much from 

 the invasion of the insect and produce no 

 more fruit. Trees invaded by the Ayrllus 

 show cracks, often attributed to some other 

 cause, and which always cause the death of 

 the attacked branches. The young trees 

 almost infallibly perish. 



Agriotes. Elaterides. — French, Mare- 

 chal ; English, wire-worms, click beetles, 

 skipping beetles, skipjacks, spring beetles. 

 Small coleoptera of 1 centimetre at the most, 

 elongated and flattened ; several species are 

 injurious to grain and other crops. All these 

 insects have the peculiar faculty of jumping 

 when laid on their back. The larvae alone 

 injure crops. They have a thin, elongated, 

 cylindrical body, like that of a worm ; their 

 colour is yellowish, shining ; their maxi- 

 mum size is about 2 centimetres {^ inch) 

 long ; their skin is scaly, very hard, and 

 difficult to crush, hence their name, wire- 

 worm, yellow-worm, under which name they 

 are generally known. Their development is 

 very long ; it lasts five years. They feed at 

 the expense of the roots and the tender 

 parts of the plant, and as they are very 

 voracious and polyphagous, they attack 

 almost all cultivated plants, especially the 

 radicles of germinating corn-seed. They 

 sometimes cause considerable damage to 

 young seedling wheat brairding <m a light 

 soil. During winter the larvte bury them- 

 selves deeply in the soil and there remain 

 benumbed, waiting for the renewal of vege- 

 tation. There are distinguished : (1) Elcder 

 or A f/riotes seyetis, injurious to cereals; (2) 

 Kldter obscurus (the dusky click beetle), 

 injurious to carrots, cabbages, and salsify 

 (the purple goat's beard or oyster plant) ; 

 (3) Elater lineatus, the striped click beetle, 

 injurious to cereals and hops ; (4) Klater 

 Sputator, Taupin cracheur, the spitting 

 click beetle ; (5) Elater niger [Taupin vein), 

 the black click beetle. 



Agromyza Viola.— The pany-fly. 



