g) Treatment will be economical with limited volumes and 

 frequent entries. 



h) Skidding systems will not significantly damage the 

 residual trees. 



SALE PLANNING 



1) Delineate SMZs in the sale area on maps and aerial photographs. 

 Determine the width of the SMZ based on stream status, terrain, 

 landform and water use. See Appendix 1 for information on 

 determining width of the SMZ. 



2) It is generally easier to meet the SMZ objective if permanent roads 

 are kept out of the SMZ, with the exception of creek crossings. 

 Employment of a more expensive skidding or yarding systems may be a 

 trade off necessary to preserve the streamside environment. 



3) Streamcourse crossings will insure fish passage, non-erosive water 

 velocities, channel stability, and erosion control on cuts, fills, 

 and road surface. 



4) Plan the logging and transportation system so management can be 

 efficiently applied in the future. 



5) Consider a separate unit for an SMZ. Silvicultural prescription, 

 logging methods, and slash disposal will usually differ in the SMZ. 

 Making the SMZ a separate unit will make it easier to administer. 



6) A minimum 50-foot wide equipment restriction zone along the stream 

 in which the ground surface is not disturbed by equipment, is 

 recommended. 



7) As stream orientation approaches north-south, preservation of 

 streamside vegetation becomes increasingly important for maintaining 

 shade cover. 



FELLING AND YARDING 



Proper control of felling and yarding in the SMZ probably affords the 

 greatest potential for success. 



Directional falling should be employed where there is a good chance that 

 tree falling would result in getting debris into a stream channel, and where 

 existing hardwoods could not be adequately protected with convential harvest- 

 ing practices. Directional falling can also be used to protect wet or 

 compactible soils. 



The proper yarding system to employ is one which most economically meets 

 the SMZ objectives. The system must get the logs out, while providing the 

 necessary protection to the stream, its banks, critical upslope areas, the 

 residual stand, and ground cover. 



