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AN AMERICAN GEOLOGICAL RAILWAY GUIDE. (PA.) 



151. The two Kittanning coal beds in the river hills low down; the two Freeport coal beds 

 high up. These constitute the chief beds of the Lower Coal Measures. 



152. Between the mouth of the Mahoning and the mouth of the Redbank, crosses the last of 

 the great anticlinals, bringing up the conglomerate 100 feet above water level. It sinks 500 feet 

 in 40 miles before reaching and crossing the Ohio River 4 miles below Pittsburgh. 



153. Great iron works and iron and coal mines. Wells strike oil here 1,100 feet beneath the 

 river bed in the third oil sand of the Venango-Butler oil group. 



154. High cliffs of conglomerate back of the town. A forest of oil well derricks on both river 

 banks and on top of the cliffs. Here the Butler Co. oil belt crosses the river into Clarion County. 

 Oil wells numerous at intervals all the way up to Franklin and Oil City. 



155. Deep old oil wells. Very old iron furnace, centre of a former group of 50 charcoal blast 

 furnaces. 



156. Immense sand stone cliffs (at the base of the coal measures) wall in the valley of the 

 Beaver. Homewood Furnace. Ferriferous limestone and ore all around. 



157. Numerous old oil wells producing a little from the conglomerate and sandrocks below. 



158. Prof. Stevenson's "Bulger anticlinal" crosses here. The Pittsburg coal bed is dwindling 

 through this high upcountry to a small bed in Ohio. 



