Distribution and Propagation. 45 



farm when local supplies run short. More 

 especially is this likely to be the case in those 

 localities where dairying or the fattening of 

 live stock is carried on extensively. Weed 

 seeds have long been thus distributed in 

 both grains and fodders ; but only locally, 

 until recently, in the latter, owing to the 

 difficulty which has existed of transporting 

 fodder long distances. Now that fodders 

 are baled for ease of transport, weed seeds 

 are carried long distances in them as v/ell 

 as in grains. Indeed, fodders are now a 

 more dangerous means of weed distribu- 

 tion even than grains, since fodders are 

 usually fed without being subjected to 

 steaming, while grains may be steamed or' 

 ground before they are fed, for the pur- 

 pose of destroying the vitality of such weed 

 seeds as may be found in them. Persons 

 w^ho purchase mill screenings which have 

 not first been ground or crushed, and who 

 feed them without steaming or grinding 

 are certain to bring noxious weed seeds to 

 their farms in countless numbers. 



4. Farmyard manures. Weeds are dis- 

 tributed in countless numbers by the agency 

 of barnyard manures, a fact which farmers 

 generally know very well. More especially 



