Maintain Cleanliness. 97 



second, every portion of the farm must be 

 gone over once* or twice a year with the 

 spud, except that part which is devoted to 

 hoed crops. The meadows should be gone 

 over once or twice, according to the weeds 

 that grow in them and the time at which 

 the hay is to be cut. If thus gone over 

 before the time of haymaking, such weeds 

 as dock, the ox-eye daisy, slieep sorrel, and 

 plantain, which would otherwise ripen their 

 seeds, will be destroyed, as well as any oth- 

 er weeds that may be there. After harvest 

 they should be gone over again as often 

 as necessary for the purpose of cutting off 

 the stray thistles or ragweeds, or any oth- 

 er kind of weeds that may be trying to 

 retain a footing. In the same way, the 

 grain crops should be gone over before 

 they head. Where these have been sown 

 with the drill, this may easily be done with- 

 out injury to the crops. If the grain fields 

 have also been sown with grass seeds, they 

 should be gone over again after harvest ; 

 but this will not be necessary when autumn 

 cultivation is to follow. Permanent and 

 other pastures, fence borders, private 

 roads, and waste places should all be gone 

 over twice a year with the spud. 



