222 Weeds. 



harvesting of the immediately preceding 

 crop, cultivating the surface soil will be 

 preferable to plowing it. ^ 



Specific Modes of Eradication. 



J. Grozving cultivated crops. Where the 

 land is suitable, grow cultivated crops, or 

 else grow rye and follow it by a cultivated 

 crop. Where cultivated crops are grown 

 alone, give careful attention to the autumn 

 cultivation which precedes their sowing. 



4. Hand pulling and spudding. Where 

 the weeds are not numerous, resort to hand 

 pulling or spudding. This work, to be 

 easily done, and to fully accomplish the end 

 intended, should be undertaken while the 

 plants are still in bloom. 



Observation. Whenever it may be nec- 

 essary to sow to grass, then, as in the case 

 of false flax, it should only be done with 

 such crops as spring wheat, barley, and 

 oats. 



(7) BLUEWEED. 



Blueweed {Echiuni vulgare) is a bien- 

 nial. It is sometimes known as viper's bug- 

 loss, but the more common name for it is 

 blueweed. In the Southern States it is 



