ANNOTATIONS AND ADDITIONS. 45 



assembly of these birds in such cases taking flight on the 

 appearance of a single king-vulture, who yet is no larger 

 than the Gallinazos. No combat ever takes place ; but the 

 Gallinazos (the two species of which, Cathartes urubu and 

 C. aura, have been confounded with each other by an un- 

 fortunately ftuctuating nomenclature) appear to be terrified 

 by the sudden appearance and courageous demeanour of 

 the richly coloured Sarcoramphus papa. As the ancient 

 Egyptians protected the bird which rendered them similar 

 services towards the purification of their atmosphere, so in 

 Peru the careless or wanton killing of the Gallinazos is 

 punished with a fine, which in some towns amounts, accord- 

 ing to Gay, to 300 piastres for each bird. It is a remarkable 

 circumstance, stated so long ago as by Don Felix de Azara, 

 that these species of vultures, if taken young and reared, 

 will so accustom themselves to the person who feeds them, 

 that they will follow him on a journey for many miles, flying 

 after the waggon in which he travels over the Pampas. 



( 3 ) p. 4. " Their rotating bodies" 



Fontana, in his excellent work " Uber das Viperngift," 

 Bd. i. S. 62, relates that he succeeded, in the course of two 

 hours, by means of a drop of water, in bringing to life a 

 rotifera which had lain for two years and a half dried up 

 and motionless. On the action and effect of water, see my 

 " Yersuche tiber die gereizte Muskel-und JNervenfaser," Bd. 

 ii. S. 250. 



What has been called the revivification of Eotiferss, since 

 observations have been more exact and hnve hnd to undergo 



