152 PHYSIOGNOMY OF PLANTS. 



Neottia, Cranichis, and most of the Habenarias. We have 

 also found both forms growing as alpine plants on the slopes 

 of the chain of the Andes of New Granada and Quito : of 

 the parasitical Orchideae (Epidendreae), Masdevallia uniflora 

 (at 9600 Trench, or about 10230 English feet) ; Cyrto- 

 chiluni flexuosum (at 9480 French, or about 10100 English 

 ieet) ; and Dendrobium aggregaturn (8900 French, or about 

 9480 English feet) : and of the terrestrial Orchidese, the 

 Altensteinia paleacea, near Lloa Chiquito, at the foot of the 

 Yolcano of Pichincha. Claude Gay thinks that the Orchi- 

 deae said to have been seen growing on trees in the Island 

 of Juan Fernandez, and even in. Chiloe, were probably in 

 reality only parasitical Pourretias, which extend at least as 

 far south as 40 S. lat. In New Zealand we find that the 

 tropical form of Orchideae hanging from trees extends even 

 to 45 S. lat. The Orchideae of Auckland's and Camp- 

 bell's Islands, however (Chiloglottis, Thelymitra, and Acian- 

 thus), grow on the ground in moss. In the animal king- 

 dom, one tropical form at least advances much farther to 

 the south. In Macquarie Island, in lat. 54 39', nearer to 

 the South Pole therefore than Dantsic is to the North Pole, 

 there is a native parrot. (See also the section Orchideae in 

 my work de Distrib. geogr. Plant., pp. 241-247.) 



( 22 ) p. 25." The Casuarinece." 



Acacias which have phyllodias instead of leaves, some 

 Myrtaceee (Eucalyptus, Metrosideros, Melaleuca, anci Lepto- 

 spermum), and Casuarinas, give a uniform character to the 

 vegetation of Australia and Tasmania (Van Diemen Island). 



